Design and Syntheses of Potential Drugs Based on GABA(A) Receptor Pharmacophores

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dc.contributor.authorClement, Ella Chowen
dc.contributor.committeechairCarlier, Paul R.en
dc.contributor.committeememberKingston, David G. I.en
dc.contributor.committeememberTanko, James M.en
dc.contributor.committeememberBloomquist, Jeffrey R.en
dc.contributor.committeememberGandour, Richard D.en
dc.contributor.departmentChemistryen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T20:13:55Zen
dc.date.adate2005-08-11en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T20:13:55Zen
dc.date.issued2005-06-28en
dc.date.rdate2005-08-11en
dc.date.sdate2005-07-12en
dc.description.abstractNumerous previous studies of GABAAR ligands have suggested that GABAAR agonists must be zwitterionic and feature an intercharge separation similar to that of GABA (approx. 4.7-6.0 Ã ). We have demonstrated that monomeric, homodimeric and heterodimeric non-zwitterionic GABA amides are partial, full, or superagonists at the murine GABAA receptor (GABAAR). The agonism of these GABA amides is comparable to that of THIP, as shown by in vitro assay results. The assay data indicate that the agonism of GABA amides is tether length-dependent. Optimum agonism is achieved with a tether length of four methylenes in GABA amide dimers and in GABA amides bearing pendant amide or amino groups. We have further investigated the structure-activity relationship for GABA amides on the GABAAR by performing structural modifications to both the superagonist 2c and the agonist 6c. Synergism and [3H]muscimol binding experiments show that 2c binds to the same sites as GABA. Structural modification of 2c demonstrated that partial rigidification of the tether eliminated agonism and caused ligands to behave as weak competitive antagonists. We have also investigated the agonism of four ZAPA derivatives in 36Cl- uptake functional assay. Two of them are found to be as potent as GABA. In our studies of 1,4-benzodiazepines, our goal was to synthesize three different subtypes of quaternary 1,4-benzodiazepines by use of the memory of chirality (MOC) strategy. Disappointingly, most of the deprotonation/alkylations failed, due to various reasons. The failure of the reactions of (S)-alanine-derived tetrahydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-ones was probably due to either the unexpected side reactions or the steric hindrance of enolate alkylation. In the case of tetrahydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones, computational studies suggested that steric hindrance by both the benzo ring and N4-allyl group might retard deprotonation at C3 by bulky bases like KHMDS or LDA. Finally, (S)-serine-derived 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones and their elimination products (ï ¡-methylene benzodiazepines) were prepared. These proved unreactive towards deprotonation/alkylations and conjugate additions, respectively. The low reactivity of the ï ¡-methylene benzodiazepines towards nucleophiles was attributed to highly delocalized LUMOs that failed to direct nucleophiles to the ï ¢-carbons.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.identifier.otheretd-07122005-141723en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07122005-141723/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/28271en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartClementDissertation.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectMemory of Chiralityen
dc.subjectZAPAen
dc.subjectPEGen
dc.subject[3H]Muscimol bindingen
dc.subject36Cl- Flux assayen
dc.subjectAntagonistsen
dc.subjectNon-zwitterionic GABA amide homodimers and heteroden
dc.subjectSuperagonisten
dc.subjectPartial/full agonistsen
dc.subjectGABA(A) receptoren
dc.titleDesign and Syntheses of Potential Drugs Based on GABA(A) Receptor Pharmacophoresen
dc.typeDissertationen
thesis.degree.disciplineChemistryen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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