Touchscreens for Whom? Working Memory and Age Moderate the Impact of Contingency on Toddlers' Transfer From Video

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dc.contributor.authorChoi, Koeunen
dc.contributor.authorKirkorian, Heather L.en
dc.contributor.authorPempek, Tiffany A.en
dc.contributor.departmentHuman Development and Family Scienceen
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-12T12:27:20Zen
dc.date.available2021-05-12T12:27:20Zen
dc.date.issued2021-02-24en
dc.description.abstractToddlers exhibit poor transfer between video and real-world contexts. Contingently responsive video such as that found in touchscreen apps appears to assist transfer for some toddlers but not others. This study investigated the extent to which toddlers' working memory moderates the impact of contingency on toddler's transfer of learning from video. Toddlers (24-36 months; N = 134) watched a hiding event on either (a) contingent video that advanced only after touch input or (b) non-contingent video that proceeded automatically. Toddlers then searched for a corresponding object on a felt board. Additionally, toddlers' working memory (WM) was assessed. Findings indicate WM and age moderated the impact of contingency on transfer: Contingency decreased transfer in younger children while increasing transfer among older children. However, this was only true for children with relatively low WM. Contingency had little impact on transfer among children with relatively high WM, regardless of age. Results from this study suggest that WM is one specific moderator that predicts whether toddlers are likely to learn from contingent vs. non-contingent video, yet WM does not operate in isolation. Together, these findings underscore the importance of considering multiple child characteristics when identifying the optimal conditions for toddlers' learning from symbolic media.en
dc.description.notesThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. BCS-1226550, BCS-1525726, and BCS-1524539. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [BCS-1226550, BCS-1525726, BCS-1524539]en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621372en
dc.identifier.issn1664-1078en
dc.identifier.other621372en
dc.identifier.pmid33716887en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/103250en
dc.identifier.volume12en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjecttouchscreenen
dc.subjectcontingencyen
dc.subjecttransferen
dc.subjectworking memoryen
dc.subjecttoddlersen
dc.titleTouchscreens for Whom? Working Memory and Age Moderate the Impact of Contingency on Toddlers' Transfer From Videoen
dc.title.serialFrontiers in Psychologyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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Scholarly Works, Human Development and Family Science
Destination Area: Adaptive Brain and Behavior (ABB)