Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Long-Term Smoking Cessation: Preliminary Examination of Delay Discounting as a Therapeutic Target and the Effects of Intensity and Duration

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dc.contributor.authorShevorykin, Alinaen
dc.contributor.authorCarl, Ellenen
dc.contributor.authorMahoney, Martin C.en
dc.contributor.authorHanlon, Colleen A.en
dc.contributor.authorLiskiewicz, Amylynnen
dc.contributor.authorRivard, Cherylen
dc.contributor.authorAlberico, Ronalden
dc.contributor.authorBelal, Ahmeden
dc.contributor.authorBensch, Lindseyen
dc.contributor.authorVantucci, Darianen
dc.contributor.authorThorner, Hannahen
dc.contributor.authorMarion, Matthewen
dc.contributor.authorBickel, Warren K.en
dc.contributor.authorSheffer, Christine E.en
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-27T12:39:23Zen
dc.date.available2022-09-27T12:39:23Zen
dc.date.issued2022-07-05en
dc.date.updated2022-09-26T19:21:00Zen
dc.description.abstractBackground: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a novel treatment for smoking cessation and delay discounting rate is novel therapeutic target. Research to determine optimal therapeutic targets and dosing parameters for long-term smoking cessation is needed. Due to potential biases and confounds introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic, we report preliminary results from an ongoing study among participants who reached study end prior to the pandemic. Methods: In a 3 × 2 randomized factorial design, participants (n = 23) received 900 pulses of 20 Hz rTMS to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) in one of three Durations (8, 12, or 16 days of stimulation) and two Intensities (1 or 2 sessions per day). We examined direction and magnitude of the effect sizes on latency to relapse, 6-month point-prevalence abstinence rates, research burden, and delay discounting rates. Results: A large effect size was found for Duration and a medium for Intensity for latency to relapse. Increasing Duration increased the odds of abstinence 7–8-fold while increasing Intensity doubled the odds of abstinence. A large effect size was found for Duration, a small for Intensity for delay discounting rate. Increasing Duration and Intensity had a small effect on participant burden. Conclusion: Findings provide preliminary support for delay discounting as a therapeutic target and for increasing Duration and Intensity to achieve larger effect sizes for long-term smoking cessation and will provide a pre-pandemic comparison for data collected during the pandemic. Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03865472].en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.920383en
dc.identifier.eissn1662-5161en
dc.identifier.issn1662-5161en
dc.identifier.orcidBickel, Warren [0000-0002-1048-7372]en
dc.identifier.otherPMC9300313en
dc.identifier.pmid35874156en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/112006en
dc.identifier.volume16en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherFrontiersen
dc.relation.urihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35874156en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectbrain stimulationen
dc.subjectdelay discountingen
dc.subjectself-regulationen
dc.subjectsmoking cessationen
dc.subjecttobacco dependence treatmenten
dc.subjecttranscranial magnetic stimulationen
dc.subjectClinical Researchen
dc.subjectSubstance Abuseen
dc.subjectTobaccoen
dc.subjectPreventionen
dc.subjectClinical Trials and Supportive Activitiesen
dc.subjectTobacco Smoke and Healthen
dc.titleTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation for Long-Term Smoking Cessation: Preliminary Examination of Delay Discounting as a Therapeutic Target and the Effects of Intensity and Durationen
dc.title.serialFrontiers in Human Neuroscienceen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherJournal Articleen
dcterms.dateAccepted2022-06-20en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Faculty of Health Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciences/Durelle Scotten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/VT Carilion School of Medicineen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/VT Carilion School of Medicine/Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicineen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/VT Carilion School of Medicine/Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine/Secondary Appointment-Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicineen

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