On the origins of American Criollo pigs: A common genetic background with a lasting Iberian signature

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dc.contributor.authorRevidatti, Maria Antoniaen
dc.contributor.authorGama, Luis Teloen
dc.contributor.authorMartin Burriel, Inmaculadaen
dc.contributor.authorGardyn, Oscar Cortesen
dc.contributor.authorCappello Villada, Juan Sebastianen
dc.contributor.authorCarolino, Maria Inesen
dc.contributor.authorCanon, Francisco Javieren
dc.contributor.authorGinja, Catarinaen
dc.contributor.authorSponenberg, D. Phillipen
dc.contributor.authorVicente, Antonio P.en
dc.contributor.authorZaragoza, Pilaren
dc.contributor.authorDelgado Bermejo, Juan Vicenteen
dc.contributor.authorMartínez, Amparoen
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-22T20:29:01Zen
dc.date.available2021-11-22T20:29:01Zen
dc.date.issued2021-05-20en
dc.description.abstractAmerican Criollo pigs are thought to descend mainly from those imported from the Iberian Peninsula starting in the late 15th century. Criollo pigs subsequently expanded throughout the Americas, adapting to very diverse environments, and possibly receiving influences from other origins. With the intensification of agriculture in the mid-20th century, cosmopolitan breeds largely replaced Criollo pigs, and the few remaining are mostly maintained by rural communities in marginal areas where they still play an important socio-economic and cultural role. In this study, we used 24 microsatellite markers in samples from 1715 pigs representing 46 breeds with worldwide distribution, including 17 American Criollo breeds, with the major focus of investigating their genetic diversity, structure and breed relationships. We also included representatives of the Iberian, Local British, Hungarian, Chinese and Commercial breeds, as well as Wild Boar, in order to investigate their possible influence in the genetic composition of Criollos. Our results show that, when compared with the other breeds, Criollo pigs present higher levels of genetic diversity, both in terms of allelic diversity and expected heterozygosity. The various analyses indicate that breed differentiation overall explains nearly 21% of the total genetic diversity. Criollo breeds showed their own identity and shared a common genetic background, tending to cluster together in various analyses, even though they differ from each other. A close relationship of Criollos with Iberian breeds was revealed by all the different analyses, and the contribution of Iberian breeds, particularly of the Celtic breeds, is still present in various Criollo breeds. No influence of Chinese breeds was detected on Criollos, but a few were influenced by Commercial breeds or by wild pigs. Our results confirm the uniqueness of American Criollo pigs and the role that Iberian breeds have played in their development.en
dc.description.notesC.G. was supported by Fundacao Nacional para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, Investigador FCT Grant IF/00866/2014, and Project grant PTDC/CVTLIV/2827/2014 co-funded by COMPETE 2020 POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016647. Red Iberoamericana Sobre la Conservacion de la Biodiversidad de Animales Domesticos Locales para el Desarollo Rural Sostenible (Red CONBIAND) provided biological samples. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.en
dc.description.sponsorshipFundacao Nacional para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal [IF/00866/2014]; COMPETE 2020 [PTDC/CVTLIV/2827/2014, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016647]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251879en
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203en
dc.identifier.issue5en
dc.identifier.othere0251879en
dc.identifier.pmid34014971en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/106715en
dc.identifier.volume16en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleOn the origins of American Criollo pigs: A common genetic background with a lasting Iberian signatureen
dc.title.serialPLoS Oneen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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