Opponent Effects of Hyperarousal and Re-experiencing on Affective Habituation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

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dc.contributor.authorMcCurry, Katherine L.en
dc.contributor.authorFrueh, B. Christopheren
dc.contributor.authorChiu, Pearl H.en
dc.contributor.authorCasas, Brooksen
dc.contributor.departmentFralin Biomedical Research Instituteen
dc.contributor.departmentVirginia Tech Carilion School of Medicineen
dc.contributor.departmentPsychologyen
dc.contributor.departmentBiomedical Engineering and Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-08T15:19:28Zen
dc.date.available2021-01-08T15:19:28Zen
dc.date.issued2020-02en
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Aberrant emotion processing is a hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with neurobiological models suggesting both heightened neural reactivity and diminished habituation to aversive stimuli. However, empirical work suggests that these response patterns may be specific to subsets of those with PTSD. This study investigates the unique contributions of PTSD symptom clusters (re-experiencing, avoidance and numbing, and hyperarousal) to neural reactivity and habituation to negative stimuli in combat-exposed veterans. METHODS: Ninety-five combat-exposed veterans (46 with PTSD) and 53 community volunteers underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while viewing emotional images. This study examined the relationship between symptom cluster severity and hemodynamic responses to negative compared with neutral images (NEG>NEU). RESULTS: Veterans exhibited comparable mean and habituation-related responses for NEG>NEU, relative to civilians. However, among veterans, habituation, but not mean response, was differentially related to PTSD symptom severity. Hyperarousal symptoms were related to decreased habituation for NEG>NEU in a network of regions, including superior and inferior frontal gyri, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, superior and middle temporal gyri, and anterior insula. In contrast, re-experiencing symptoms were associated with increased habituation in a similar network. Furthermore, re-experiencing severity was positively related to amygdalar functional connectivity with the left inferior frontal gyrus and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex for NEG>NEU. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that hyperarousal symptoms in combat-related PTSD are associated with decreased neural habituation to aversive stimuli. These impairments are partially mitigated in the presence of re-experiencing symptoms, such that during exposure to negative stimuli, re-experiencing symptoms are positively associated with amygdalar connectivity to prefrontal regions implicated in affective suppression.en
dc.description.notesThis work was supported in part by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Rehabilitation Research and Development Grant Nos. D2354R and D7030R (to BK-C), and National Institutes of Health Grant Nos. MH074468 (to BCF), MH115221 (to BK-C), and MH087692 and MH106756 (to PHC).; We thank Wright Williams and Matt Estey (who were supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Rehabilitation Research and Development Grant No. B7760P [to WW]), and Jessica Eiseman, Kat Gardner, David Graham, LaRaun Lindsey, Robert McNamara, and April Sanders, for their research support. We also gratefully acknowledge discussions with Vanessa Brown and Nina Lauharatanahirun.en
dc.description.sponsorshipDepartment of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Rehabilitation Research and DevelopmentUS Department of Veterans Affairs [B7760P, D2354R, D7030R]; National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [MH074468, MH115221, MH087692, MH106756]en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.09.006en
dc.identifier.eissn2451-9030en
dc.identifier.issn2451-9022en
dc.identifier.issue2en
dc.identifier.pmid31759868en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/101795en
dc.identifier.volume5en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectAffective neuroscienceen
dc.subjectEmotionen
dc.subjectfMRIen
dc.subjectHabituationen
dc.subjectHeterogeneityen
dc.subjectPTSDen
dc.titleOpponent Effects of Hyperarousal and Re-experiencing on Affective Habituation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorderen
dc.title.serialBiological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimagingen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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Scholarly Works, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
Destination Area: Adaptive Brain and Behavior (ABB)
Scholarly Works, Psychology
Scholarly Works, School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences
Scholarly Works, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine (VTCSOM)