Reduced species richness of native bees in field margins associated with neonicotinoid concentrations in non-target soils

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dc.contributor.authorMain, Anson R.en
dc.contributor.authorWebb, Elisabeth B.en
dc.contributor.authorGoyne, Keith W.en
dc.contributor.authorMengel, Doreenen
dc.contributor.departmentForest Resources and Environmental Conservationen
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-04T14:45:17Zen
dc.date.available2020-06-04T14:45:17Zen
dc.date.issued2020-01-01en
dc.description.abstractNative bees are in decline as many species are sensitive to habitat loss, climate change, and non-target exposure to synthetic pesticides. Recent laboratory and semi-field assessments of pesticide impacts on bees have focused on neonicotinoid insecticides. However, field studies evaluating influences of neonicotinoid seed treatments on native bee communities of North America are absent from the literature. On four Conservation Areas of Missouri, we sampled row-cropped (treated, n = 15) and reference (untreated, n = 9) agricultural fields, and their surrounding field margins for neonicotinoids in soil and non-target vegetation (i.e., native wildflowers). Wildflowers were further collected and screened for the presence of fungicides. Concurrently, we sampled native bees over three discrete time points throughout the agricultural growing season to assess potential impacts of seed treatment use on local bee populations over time. Neonicotinoids were detected in 87% to 100% of treated field soils and 22% to 56% of reference field soils. In adjacent field margin soils, quantifiable concentrations were measured near treated (53% to 93% detection) and untreated fields (33% to 56% detection). Fungicides were detected in < 40% of wildflowers, whereas neonicotinoids were rarely detected in field margin vegetation (< 7%). Neonicotinoid concentrations in margin soils were negatively associated with native bee richness (beta = -0.21, P < 0.05). Field margins with a combination of greater neonicotinoid concentrations in soil and fungicides in wildflowers also contained fewer wild bee species (beta = -0.21, P < 0.001). By comparison, bee abundance was positively influenced by the number of wildflower species in bloom with no apparent impact of pesticides. Results of this study indicate that neonicotinoids in soil are a potential route of exposure for pollinator communities, specifically ground-nesting species. Importantly, native bee richness in non-target field margins may be negatively affected by the use of neonicotinoid seed treatments in agroecosystems.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesWe are grateful for the analytical support provided by the Water Sciences Laboratory at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and the USDA AMS National Science Lab in Gastonia, NC. We thank W. Boys, D. Corcoran, G. Graells, K. Kuechle, J. Piercefield, and A. Wilcox for their involvement with field data collection. Special thanks to the MDC Area Managers for their willing participation in this research: D. Bryant, C. Freeman, C. Smith, and N. Walker. We appreciate M. Arduser (MDC retired) and J. LaRose for assisting in more challenging bee identification. Our appreciation to N. Michel (National Audubon Society) for statistical troubleshooting. We thank C. Otto (USGS) and three other anonymous reviewers for their valuable insights into development of this paper. This work was funded through a cooperative agreement with the Missouri Department of Conservation in collaboration with L. Webb and K. Goyne. Partial support was also provided by Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and USDA-NIFA through Hatch funding (MO-HANR0007) and Multi-State Working Group W3045 (MO-MSNR0002). The Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the MDC, the University of Missouri, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.en
dc.description.sponsorshipMissouri Department of Conservation; Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; USDA-NIFAUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [MO-HANR0007]; MDC; University of Missouri; U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceUS Fish & Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological SurveyUnited States Geological Survey; Wildlife Management Institute; USDA-NIFA through Multi-State Working Group W3045 [MO-MSNR0002]en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2019.106693en
dc.identifier.eissn1873-2305en
dc.identifier.issn0167-8809en
dc.identifier.otherUNSP 106693en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/98743en
dc.identifier.volume287en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedicationen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.subjectBiodiversityen
dc.subjectEcosystem servicesen
dc.subjectField marginen
dc.subjectPesticide impactsen
dc.subjectPollinatorsen
dc.titleReduced species richness of native bees in field margins associated with neonicotinoid concentrations in non-target soilsen
dc.title.serialAgriculture Ecosystems & Environmenten
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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