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Growth and Quality Response of Four Container-grown Nursery Crop Species to Low-phosphorus Controlled-release Fertilizer

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dc.contributor.authorShreckhise, Jacob H.en
dc.contributor.authorOwen, James S., Jr.en
dc.contributor.authorNiemiera, Alexander X.en
dc.contributor.authorAltland, James E.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-05T13:59:42Zen
dc.date.available2023-05-05T13:59:42Zen
dc.date.issued2022-10en
dc.description.abstractThe amount of phosphorus (P) conventionally recommended and applied to container nursery crops commonly exceeds plant requirements, resulting in unused P leaching from containers and potentially contributing to surface water impairment. An experiment was replicated in the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain (MACP) and Ridge and Valley ecoregions of Virginia to compare the effect of a low-P controlled-release fertilizer (CRF, 0.9% or 1.4% P depending on species) vs. a conventional CRF formulation (control, 1.7% P) on plant shoot growth, crop quality, and substrate nutrient concentrations of four species: 'Natchez' crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica x Lagerstroemia fauriei), 'Roblec' Encore azalea (Rhododendron hybrid), 'Radrazz' Knock Out rose (Rosa hybrid), and 'Green Giant' arborvitae (Thuja plicata x Thuja standishii). In both ecoregions, the low-P CRF resulted in 9% to 26% lower shoot dry weight in all four species compared with those given the conventional formulation, but quality ratings for two economically important species, 'Radrazz' Knock Out rose and 'Green Giant' arborvitae, were similar between treatments. When fertilized with the low-P CRF, 'Roblec' Encore azalea and 'Natchez' crape myrtle in both ecoregions, and 'Green Giant' arborvitae in the MACP ecoregion had similar to 56% to 75% lower substrate pore-water P concentrations than those that received the control CRF. Nitrate-nitrogen (N) concentrations in substrate pore water at week 5 were more than six times greater in control-fertilized plants than in those that received a low-P CRF, which may have been a result of the greater urea-N content or the heterogeneous nature of the low-P CRFs. Lower water-extractable pore-water P and N indicate less environmental risk and potentially increased crop efficiency. Our results suggest low-P CRFs can be used to produce certain economically important ornamental nursery crops successfully without sacrificing quality; however, early adopters will need to evaluate the effect of low-P CRFs on crop quality of specific species before implementing on a large scale.en
dc.description.notesFunding was provided by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (SCRI 2014-51181-22372) , US Department of Agriculture (USDA) , the Horticultural Research Institute, and the Virginia Nursery and Landscape Association.en
dc.description.sponsorshipVirginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture (USDA) [SCRI 2014-51181-22372]; US Department of Agriculture (USDA); Horticultural Research Institute; Virginia Nursery and Landscape Associationen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH05058-22en
dc.identifier.eissn1943-7714en
dc.identifier.issue5en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/114933en
dc.identifier.volume32en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Society for Horticultural Scienceen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectarborvitaeen
dc.subjectazaleaen
dc.subjectcrape myrtleen
dc.subjectfoliar nutrient analysisen
dc.subjectLagerstroemia indica x Lagerstroemia faurieien
dc.subjectpour-throughen
dc.subjectRhododendronen
dc.subjectRosaen
dc.subjectroseen
dc.subjectThuja plicata x Thuja standishiien
dc.titleGrowth and Quality Response of Four Container-grown Nursery Crop Species to Low-phosphorus Controlled-release Fertilizeren
dc.title.serialHortTechnologyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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