Characterization of an in vitro exercise model and the effects of a metabolic endotoxemia on skeletal muscle adaptation to electric pulse stimulation

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dc.contributor.authorHarvey, Mordecai Micahen
dc.contributor.committeechairHulver, Matthew W.en
dc.contributor.committeememberFrisard, Madlyn I.en
dc.contributor.committeememberDavy, Kevin P.en
dc.contributor.committeememberGrange, Robert W.en
dc.contributor.committeememberLi, Liwuen
dc.contributor.departmentHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-21T08:01:34Zen
dc.date.available2017-06-21T08:01:34Zen
dc.date.issued2017-06-20en
dc.description.abstractThe prevalence of obesity and type II diabetes is increasing. Although exercise is widely accepted for prevention and treatment, evidence of resistance to exercise in patients with these diseases is also mounting. Muscle contraction during exercise stimulate cellular responses important for adaptation. These responses include the release of myokines and the subsequent increase in substrate metabolism. This study aimed to define a culture model for simulating exercise in human primary skeletal muscle cells. We hypothesized that chronic electric pulse stimulation (EPS) of human myotubes in vitro would emulate cellular and molecular responses to exercise observed in vivo. To define this model, we applied EPS to human myotubes for varied lengths of time and measured interleukin-6 (Il-6), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1- (PGC1-), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), substrate metabolism, metabolic enzyme activity, heat stress markers, and pH. To recreate the inflammatory milieu observed in metabolic disease states we treated the myotubes with a low dose of 20 EU lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Following the 24-hour stimulation we observed significant increases in transcription of Il-6, PGC1-, and SOD2. Basal glucose and fatty acid oxidation were also markedly increased in the cells after EPS. Cells treated with LPS elicited a blunted transcriptional, metabolic, and enzymatic response to EPS. These findings suggest that EPS is a viable model for simulating the effects of exercise. Our observations also indicate that an inflammatory environment could play a role in interfering with the adaptations to exercise.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.format.mediumETDen
dc.identifier.othervt_gsexam:11829en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/78235en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectendotoxemiaen
dc.subjectskeletalen
dc.subjectmuscleen
dc.subjectExerciseen
dc.subjectelectricen
dc.subjectstimulationen
dc.titleCharacterization of an in vitro exercise model and the effects of a metabolic endotoxemia on skeletal muscle adaptation to electric pulse stimulationen
dc.typeDissertationen
thesis.degree.disciplineHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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