Reproductive Incompatibility Involving Senegalese Aedes aegypti (L) Is Associated with Chromosome Rearrangements

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dc.contributor.authorDickson, Laura B.en
dc.contributor.authorSharakhova, Maria V.en
dc.contributor.authorTimoshevskiy, Vladimir A.en
dc.contributor.authorFleming, Karen L.en
dc.contributor.authorCaspary, Alexen
dc.contributor.authorSylla, Massambaen
dc.contributor.authorBlack, William C.en
dc.contributor.departmentEntomologyen
dc.contributor.departmentFralin Life Sciences Instituteen
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-12T17:01:44Zen
dc.date.available2019-08-12T17:01:44Zen
dc.date.issued2016-04en
dc.description.abstractAedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue, yellow fever and Zika flaviviruses, consists of at least two subspecies. Aedes aegypti (Aaa) is light in color, has pale scales on the first abdominal tergite, oviposits in artificial containers, and preferentially feeds on humans. Aedes aegypti formosus (Aaf), has a dark cuticle, is restricted to sub-Saharan Africa, has no pale scales on the first abdominal tergite and frequently oviposits in natural containers. Scale patterns correlate with cuticle color in East Africa but not in Senegal, West Africa where black cuticle mosquitoes display a continuum of scaling patterns and breed domestically indoors. An earlier laboratory study did not indicate any pre- or postzygotic barriers to gene flow between Aaa and Aaf in East Africa. However, similar attempts to construct F-1 intercross families between Aaa laboratory strains and Senegal Ae. aegypti (SenAae) failed due to poor F-1 oviposition and low F-2 egg-to-adult survival. Insemination and assortative mating experiments failed to identify prezygotic mating barriers. Backcrosses were performed to test for postzygotic isolation patterns consistent with Haldane's rule modified for species, like Aedes, that have an autosomal sex determining locus (SDL). Egg-pupal survival was predicted to be low in females mated to hybrid F-1 males but average when a male mates with a hybrid F-1 female. Survival was in fact significantly reduced when females mated to hybrid males but egg-pupal survival was significantly increased when males were mated to hybrid F-1 females. These observations are therefore inconclusive with regards to Haldane's rule. Basic cytogenetic analyses and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) experiments were performed to compare SenAae strains with the IB12 strain of Aaa that was used for genome sequencing and physical mapping. Some SenAae strains had longer chromosomes than IB12 and significantly different centromeric indices on chromosomes 1 and 3. DAPI staining was used to identify AT-rich regions, chromomycin A3 following pretreatment with barium hydroxide stained for GC-rich regions and stained the ribosomal RNA locus and YOYO-1 was used to test for differential staining. Chromosome patterns in SenAae strains revealed by these three stains differed from those in IB12. For FISH, 40 BAC clones previously physically mapped on Aaa chromosomes were used to test for chromosome rearrangements in SenAae relative to IB12. Differences in the order of markers identified two chromosomal rearrangements between IB12 and SenAae strains. The first rearrangement involves two overlapping pericentric (containing the centromere) inversions in chromosome 3 or an insertion of a large fragment into the 3q arm. The second rearrangement is close to the centromere on the p arm of chromosome 2. Linkage analysis of the SDL and the white-eye locus identified a likely chromosomal rearrangement on chromosome 1. The reproductive incompatibility observed within SenAae and between SenAae and Aaa may be generally associated with chromosome rearrangements on all three chromosomes and specifically caused by pericentric inversions on chromosomes 2 and 3.en
dc.description.notesThis work was supported by NIAID R01AI0833680 to WCB and by NIAID grant R21AI121853 to MVS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNIAID [R01AI0833680, R21AI121853]en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004626en
dc.identifier.issn1935-2735en
dc.identifier.issue4en
dc.identifier.othere0004626en
dc.identifier.pmid27105225en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/93028en
dc.identifier.volume10en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPLOSen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectquantitative trait locien
dc.subjecteastern treehole mosquitoen
dc.subjectdengue vector mosquitoen
dc.subjectyellow-fever mosquitoen
dc.subjecthaldane ruleen
dc.subjectl dipteraen
dc.subjectgenetic-variationen
dc.subjectgland proteinsen
dc.subjectsscp analysisen
dc.subjectlinkage mapen
dc.titleReproductive Incompatibility Involving Senegalese Aedes aegypti (L) Is Associated with Chromosome Rearrangementsen
dc.title.serialPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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