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Compost applications increase bacterial community diversity in the apple rhizosphere

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dc.contributor.authorSharaf, Hazemen
dc.contributor.authorThompson, Ashley A.en
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Mark A.en
dc.contributor.authorPeck, Gregory M.en
dc.contributor.departmentSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciencesen
dc.contributor.departmentVirginia Agricultural Experiment Stationen
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-27T19:10:50Zen
dc.date.available2021-07-27T19:10:50Zen
dc.date.issued2021-03-24en
dc.description.abstractSustainable practices are key to the improvement of soil fertility and quality in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) orchards. Rootstock genotype and fertilizer inputs can alter soil biology, as well as aboveground traits including nutrient acquisition. In this study, a factorial design was used to assess the interaction between two apple rootstocks, 'Geneva 41' ('G.41') and 'Malling 9' ('M.9') with four fertilizer treatments [chicken-litter compost, yardwaste compost, fertigation using Ca(NO3)(2), and an unamended control]. The bacterial community in the rhizosphere was assessed for its impact on both plant and soil properties for each rootstock x fertilizer treatment combination. The bacterial community was dominated by Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Planctomycetes, but Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi were the most responsive to the fertilizer treatments. The chicken litter and yardwaste treatments had a greater effect on bacterial community structure than the control. Yardwaste, in particular, was associated with increased relative abundance of Chloroflexi, which was correlated with soil nutrient concentrations. Malling 9 had a greater bacterial diversity than G.41, but the rootstock treatment had no independent effect on the rhizosphere community structure. There was, however, a strong interaction between the rootstock and fertilizer treatments. Carbon cycling was the most prominent functional change associated with the soil bacterial community. These results suggest that compost amendments have a more positive effect on soil bacterial activity and nutrient availability than Ca(NO3)(2). Our work shows that waste-stream amendments can lead to multiple positive responses, such as increasing aboveground tree biomass, thus potentially improving orchard productivity.en
dc.description.notesWe thank Abby Kowalski, Taylor Mackintosh, David Carbaugh, Sierra Athey, Chandler DeHaven, and Jim Warren for their assistance with this experiment. This work was supported by Cornell University-College of Agriculture and Life Science, the Virginia Agricultural Council, the Virginia Apple Research Program, the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, and Virginia Tech-Department of Horticulture (now part of the School of Plant and Environmental Sciences).en
dc.description.sponsorshipCornell University-College of Agriculture and Life Science; Virginia Agricultural Council; Virginia Apple Research Program; Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; School of Plant and Environmental Sciencesen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20251en
dc.identifier.eissn1435-0661en
dc.identifier.issn0361-5995en
dc.identifier.other1-17en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/104412en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.titleCompost applications increase bacterial community diversity in the apple rhizosphereen
dc.title.serialSoil Science Society of America Journalen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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