International consensus conference recommendations on ultrasound education for undergraduate medical students

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dc.contributor.authorHoppmann, Richard A.en
dc.contributor.authorMladenovic, Jeanetteen
dc.contributor.authorMelniker, Lawrenceen
dc.contributor.authorBadea, Raduen
dc.contributor.authorBlaivas, Michaelen
dc.contributor.authorMontorfano, Miguelen
dc.contributor.authorAbuhamad, Alfreden
dc.contributor.authorNoble, Vickien
dc.contributor.authorHussain, Arifen
dc.contributor.authorProsen, Gregoren
dc.contributor.authorVillen, Tomásen
dc.contributor.authorVia, Gabrieleen
dc.contributor.authorNogue, Ramonen
dc.contributor.authorGoodmurphy, Craigen
dc.contributor.authorBastos, Marcusen
dc.contributor.authorNace, G. S.en
dc.contributor.authorVolpicelli, Giovannien
dc.contributor.authorWakefield, Richard J.en
dc.contributor.authorWilson, Steveen
dc.contributor.authorBhagra, Anjalien
dc.contributor.authorKim, Jongyeolen
dc.contributor.authorBahner, Daviden
dc.contributor.authorFox, Chrisen
dc.contributor.authorRiley, Ruthen
dc.contributor.authorSteinmetz, Peteren
dc.contributor.authorNelson, Bret P.en
dc.contributor.authorPellerito, Johnen
dc.contributor.authorNazarian, Levon N.en
dc.contributor.authorWilson, L. B.en
dc.contributor.authorMa, Irene W. Y.en
dc.contributor.authorAmponsah, Daviden
dc.contributor.authorBarron, Keith R.en
dc.contributor.authorDversdal, Renee K.en
dc.contributor.authorWagner, Mikeen
dc.contributor.authorDean, Anthony J.en
dc.contributor.authorTierney, Daviden
dc.contributor.authorTsung, James W.en
dc.contributor.authorNocera, Paulaen
dc.contributor.authorPazeli, Joséen
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Rachelen
dc.contributor.authorPrice, Susannaen
dc.contributor.authorNeri, Lucaen
dc.contributor.authorPiccirillo, Barbaraen
dc.contributor.authorOsman, Adien
dc.contributor.authorLee, Vaughanen
dc.contributor.authorNaqvi, Nithaen
dc.contributor.authorPetrovic, Tomislaven
dc.contributor.authorBornemann, Paulen
dc.contributor.authorValois, Maximeen
dc.contributor.authorLanctot, Jean-Francoiseen
dc.contributor.authorHaddad, Roberten
dc.contributor.authorGovil, Deepaken
dc.contributor.authorHurtado, Laura A.en
dc.contributor.authorDinh, Vi A.en
dc.contributor.authorDePhilip, Robert M.en
dc.contributor.authorHoffmann, Beatriceen
dc.contributor.authorLewiss, Resa E.en
dc.contributor.authorParange, Nayana A.en
dc.contributor.authorNishisaki, Akiraen
dc.contributor.authorDoniger, Stephanie J.en
dc.contributor.authorDallas, A. Paulen
dc.contributor.authorBergman, Kevinen
dc.contributor.authorBarahona, J. O.en
dc.contributor.authorWortsman, Ximenaen
dc.contributor.authorSmith, R. S.en
dc.contributor.authorSisson, Craig A.en
dc.contributor.authorPalma, Jamesen
dc.contributor.authorMallin, Mikeen
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Lijuen
dc.contributor.authorMustafa, Hassanen
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-01T11:44:08Zen
dc.date.available2022-08-01T11:44:08Zen
dc.date.issued2022-07-27en
dc.date.updated2022-07-31T03:11:29Zen
dc.description.abstractObjectives The purpose of this study is to provide expert consensus recommendations to establish a global ultrasound curriculum for undergraduate medical students. Methods 64 multi-disciplinary ultrasound experts from 16 countries, 50 multi-disciplinary ultrasound consultants, and 21 medical students and residents contributed to these recommendations. A modified Delphi consensus method was used that included a systematic literature search, evaluation of the quality of literature by the GRADE system, and the RAND appropriateness method for panel judgment and consensus decisions. The process included four in-person international discussion sessions and two rounds of online voting. Results A total of 332 consensus conference statements in four curricular domains were considered: (1) curricular scope (4 statements), (2) curricular rationale (10 statements), (3) curricular characteristics (14 statements), and (4) curricular content (304 statements). Of these 332 statements, 145 were recommended, 126 were strongly recommended, and 61 were not recommended. Important aspects of an undergraduate ultrasound curriculum identified include curricular integration across the basic and clinical sciences and a competency and entrustable professional activity-based model. The curriculum should form the foundation of a life-long continuum of ultrasound education that prepares students for advanced training and patient care. In addition, the curriculum should complement and support the medical school curriculum as a whole with enhanced understanding of anatomy, physiology, pathophysiological processes and clinical practice without displacing other important undergraduate learning. The content of the curriculum should be appropriate for the medical student level of training, evidence and expert opinion based, and include ongoing collaborative research and development to ensure optimum educational value and patient care. Conclusions The international consensus conference has provided the first comprehensive document of recommendations for a basic ultrasound curriculum. The document reflects the opinion of a diverse and representative group of international expert ultrasound practitioners, educators, and learners. These recommendations can standardize undergraduate medical student ultrasound education while serving as a basis for additional research in medical education and the application of ultrasound in clinical practice.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationThe Ultrasound Journal. 2022 Jul 27;14(1):31en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13089-022-00279-1en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/111408en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleInternational consensus conference recommendations on ultrasound education for undergraduate medical studentsen
dc.title.serialThe Ultrasound Journalen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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