Expression of host defense peptides in the intestine of Eimeria-challenged chickens

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dc.contributor.authorSu, S.en
dc.contributor.authorDwyer, D. M.en
dc.contributor.authorMiska, Kate B.en
dc.contributor.authorFetterer, Raymond H.en
dc.contributor.authorJenkins, Mark C.en
dc.contributor.authorWong, Eric A.en
dc.contributor.departmentAnimal and Poultry Sciencesen
dc.contributor.departmentBiological Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-23T13:25:58Zen
dc.date.available2020-03-23T13:25:58Zen
dc.date.issued2017-07en
dc.description.abstractAvian coccidiosis is caused by the intracellular protozoan Eimeria, which produces intestinal lesions leading to weight gain depression. Current control methods include vaccination and anticoccidial drugs. An alternative approach involves modulating the immune system. The objective of this study was to profile the expression of host defense peptides such as avian beta-defensins (AvBDs) and liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2), which are part of the innate immune system. The mRNA expression of AvBD family members 1, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 13 and LEAP2 was examined in chickens challenged with either E. acervulina, E. maxima, or E. tenella. The duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ceca were collected 7 d post challenge. In study 1, E. acervulina challenge resulted in down-regulation of AvBD1, AvBD6, AvBD10, AvBD11, AvBD12, and AvBD13 in the duodenum. E. maxima challenge caused down-regulation of AvBD6, AvBD10, and AvBD11 in the duodenum, down-regulation of AvBD10 in the jejunum, but up-regulation of AvBD8 and AvBD13 in the ceca. E. tenella challenge showed no change in AvBD expression in any tissue. In study 2, which involved challenge with only E. maxima, there was down-regulation of AvBD1 in the ileum, AvBD11 in the jejunum and ileum, and LEAP2 in all 3 segments of the small intestine. The expression of LEAP2 was further examined by in situ hybridization in the jejunum of chickens from study 2. LEAP2 mRNA was expressed similarly in the enterocytes lining the villi, but not in the crypts of control and Eimeria challenged chickens. The lengths of the villi in the Eimeria challenged chickens were less than those in the control chickens, which may in part account for the observed down-regulation of LEAP2 mRNA quantified by PCR. Overall, the AvBD response to Eimeria challenge was not consistent; whereas LEAP2 was consistently down-regulated, which suggests that LEAP2 plays an important role in modulating an Eimeria infection.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesFunding for this work was provided in part by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture. SS was supported by a fellowship from the John Lee Pratt Animal Nutrition Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Virginia Tech. We thank H. Zhang for assistance with RNAscope and villus measurements.en
dc.description.sponsorshipJohn Lee Pratt Animal Nutrition Program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Virginia Techen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew468en
dc.identifier.eissn1525-3171en
dc.identifier.issn0032-5791en
dc.identifier.issue7en
dc.identifier.pmid28521031en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/97433en
dc.identifier.volume96en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedicationen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.subjectEimeriaen
dc.subjecthost defense peptidesen
dc.subjectavian beta-defensinsen
dc.subjectLEAP2en
dc.subjectin situ hybridizationen
dc.titleExpression of host defense peptides in the intestine of Eimeria-challenged chickensen
dc.title.serialPoultry Scienceen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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