Chronic Shear Stress Effects on Endothelial Cell Response

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dc.contributor.authorElhadj, Selimen
dc.contributor.committeechairForsten-Williams, Kimberlyen
dc.contributor.committeememberVelander, William H.en
dc.contributor.committeememberGoldstein, Aaron S.en
dc.contributor.committeememberHoward, Rick Daleen
dc.contributor.committeememberAkers, Robert Michaelen
dc.contributor.departmentChemical Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T20:20:09Zen
dc.date.adate2001-12-12en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T20:20:09Zen
dc.date.issued2001-12-10en
dc.date.rdate2002-12-12en
dc.date.sdate2001-12-11en
dc.description.abstractThe overall focus of this dissertation is on how chronic shear stress alters the synthesis and secretion of important regulatory molecules by endothelial cells. Our hypothesis was that inclusion of chronic pulsatile shear stress in our model would lead to changes in endothelial cell release of regulatory molecules. We distinguished between high arterial shear stresses and low venous shear stresses and used static cell cultures as reference. The first part of this research thus entailed the complete characterization of the flow dynamics in our experimental biomechanical model. Cell stretching can have a physiological effect on endothelial cells; hence we implemented a laser based optical technique for real time strain measurement of the growth fibers used in our culture system, and found that no significant strains were occurring during shear treatment. After characterization of the mechanical environment of the cells, we focused the scope of our research on metabolism of proteoglycans and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and related IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in bovine aortic endothelial cells cultured under chronic pulsatile shear. We found that shear stress increased the release of proteoglycans and significantly altered proteoglycans distribution. We also found that there was an inverse relationship between the shear level treatment used to obtain the purified proteoglycans from endothelial cells and their potency in inhibiting coagulation. IGF-I release and message (IGF-I mRNA) was decreased at high shear stress compared to low shear stress. Further, the levels found under shear were significantly greater than those observed in the static cell culture model. IGFBPs released were also significantly increased by shear. This research thus establishes a link between chronic pulsatile shear stress and the metabolism of both primary (IGF-I) and secondary (IGFBPs, proteoglycans) regulators of vascular cell activity. The improved realism of our experimental biomechanical model has proved to be a valuable tool in improving the relevance of this study to vascular research. Ultimately, this research calls for further investigation in the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenomenological effects documented, which may help in understanding fundamental aspects in cardiovascular disease and its link to hemodynamics but our work is an important first step.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.identifier.otheretd-12112001-133454en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12112001-133454/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/30041en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartdissertation5.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectIGF-binding proteinsen
dc.subjectIGF-Ien
dc.subjectshear stressen
dc.subjectproteoglycansen
dc.subjectendothelial cellsen
dc.subjectstrainen
dc.titleChronic Shear Stress Effects on Endothelial Cell Responseen
dc.typeDissertationen
thesis.degree.disciplineChemical Engineeringen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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