Geomagnetic Disturbances That Cause GICs: Investigating Their Interhemispheric Conjugacy and Control by IMF Orientation

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dc.contributor.authorEngebretson, Mark J.en
dc.contributor.authorSimms, Laura E.en
dc.contributor.authorPilipenko, Viacheslav A.en
dc.contributor.authorBouayed, Liliaen
dc.contributor.authorMoldwin, Mark B.en
dc.contributor.authorWeygand, James M.en
dc.contributor.authorHartinger, Michael D.en
dc.contributor.authorXu, Zhonghuaen
dc.contributor.authorClauer, C. Roberten
dc.contributor.authorCoyle, Shaneen
dc.contributor.authorWiller, Anna N.en
dc.contributor.authorFreeman, Mervyn P.en
dc.contributor.authorGerrard, Andy J.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-24T14:44:47Zen
dc.date.available2023-02-24T14:44:47Zen
dc.date.issued2022-10-01en
dc.date.updated2023-02-24T14:37:19Zen
dc.description.abstractNearly all studies of impulsive geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs, also known as magnetic perturbation events MPEs) that can produce dangerous geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) have used data from the northern hemisphere. In this study, we investigated GMD occurrences during the first 6 months of 2016 at four magnetically conjugate high latitude station pairs using data from the Greenland West Coast magnetometer chain and from Antarctic stations in the conjugate AAL-PIP magnetometer chain. Events for statistical analysis and four case studies were selected from Greenland/AAL-PIP data by detecting the presence of >6 nT/s derivatives of any component of the magnetic field at any of the station pairs. For case studies, these chains were supplemented by data from the BAS-LPM chain in Antarctica as well as Pangnirtung and South Pole in order to extend longitudinal coverage to the west. Amplitude comparisons between hemispheres showed (a) a seasonal dependence (larger in the winter hemisphere), and (b) a dependence on the sign of the By component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF): GMDs were larger in the north (south) when IMF By was >0 (<0). A majority of events occurred nearly simultaneously (to within ±3 min) independent of the sign of By as long as |By| ≤ 2 |Bz|. As has been found in earlier studies, IMF Bz was <0 prior to most events. When IMF data from Geotail, Themis B, and/or Themis C in the near-Earth solar wind were used to supplement the time-shifted OMNI IMF data, the consistency of these IMF orientations was improved.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580en
dc.identifier.eissn2169-9402en
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380en
dc.identifier.issue10en
dc.identifier.orcidXu, Zhonghua [0000-0002-3800-2162]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/113933en
dc.identifier.volume127en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Geophysical Unionen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleGeomagnetic Disturbances That Cause GICs: Investigating Their Interhemispheric Conjugacy and Control by IMF Orientationen
dc.title.serialJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physicsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherJournal Articleen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineeringen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineering/Electrical and Computer Engineeringen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Post-docsen

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