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Dose-Dependent Phytotoxicity of Pesticides in Simulated Nursery Runoff on Landscape Nursery Plants

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dc.contributor.authorPoudyal, Shitalen
dc.contributor.authorFernandez, R. Thomasen
dc.contributor.authorOwen, Jamesen
dc.contributor.authorCregg, Berten
dc.contributor.departmentVirginia Agricultural Experiment Stationen
dc.date.accessioned2019-11-12T13:34:21Zen
dc.date.available2019-11-12T13:34:21Zen
dc.date.issued2019-11-09en
dc.date.updated2019-11-12T08:29:04Zen
dc.description.abstractManagers of ornamental nurseries are increasingly reusing runoff water as an irrigation source, but residual pesticides in recycled water may result in plant phytotoxicity on crop plants. Our study focused on understanding the responses of container-grown landscape plants to residual pesticides in irrigation water. <i>Hydrangea paniculata</i> &lsquo;Limelight&rsquo;, <i>Cornus obliqua</i> &lsquo;Powell garden&rsquo;, and <i>Hosta</i> &lsquo;Gold standard&rsquo; were exposed to various concentrations of isoxaben, chlorpyrifos, and oxyfluorfen (0, 0.15, 0.35, 0.7, and 1.4 mg/L of isoxaben; 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/L of chlorpyrifos; and 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, and 0.02 mg/L of oxyfluorfen) applied as overhead irrigation. After three months of application, we assessed the dry weight biomass, growth, and parameters related to photosynthetic physiology (SPAD chlorophyll index, light-adapted chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosynthesis carbon dioxide response (A/Ci) curves. We also sampled plant leaf, stem, and root tissues for residual pesticides. The effects of the pesticides were pesticide-specific and taxa-specific. Exposure to oxyfluorfen resulted in visible injury in all three taxa and reduced total biomass, chlorophyll index, and photosynthesis in <i>Hydrangea</i> and <i>Hosta</i>. All three taxa absorbed and retained pesticides in leaf and stem tissues. Growers should follow best management practices to reduce exposure from irrigation with runoff, particularly for herbicides with post-emergent activity.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationPoudyal, S.; Fernandez, R.T.; Owen, J.; Cregg, B. Dose-Dependent Phytotoxicity of Pesticides in Simulated Nursery Runoff on Landscape Nursery Plants. Water 2019, 11, 2354.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/w11112354en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/95503en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectnursery runoffen
dc.subjectisoxabenen
dc.subjectoxyfluorfenen
dc.subjectchlorpyrifosen
dc.subjectphotosynthesisen
dc.subjectA/Ci curveen
dc.titleDose-Dependent Phytotoxicity of Pesticides in Simulated Nursery Runoff on Landscape Nursery Plantsen
dc.title.serialWateren
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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Journal Articles, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
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