dc.contributor.author	Mackasmiel, Lucas A.	en
dc.contributor.committeechair	Tolin, Sue A.	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Abaye, Azenegashe Ozzie	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Pfeiffer, Douglas G.	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Stromberg, Erik L.	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Warren, Herman L.	en
dc.contributor.department	Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-14T20:15:49Z	en
dc.date.adate	2004-09-10	en
dc.date.available	2014-03-14T20:15:49Z	en
dc.date.issued	2004-07-12	en
dc.date.rdate	2004-09-10	en
dc.date.sdate	2004-08-31	en
dc.description.abstract	<I>Bean pod mottle virus </I>(BPMV, Genus <I>Comovirus</I>, Family: <I>Comoviridae</I>)is an important virus in soybean (<I>Glycine max</I> (L.) Merrill), causing quality and yield loss due to seed coat mottling and seed weight reduction. Although BPMV has been known in Virginia since 1958 and has always been regarded as causing negligible losses, its impact is changing as BPMV incidence has increased in many soybean growing areas of Virginia and the USA in general. From 1997 to 2001, a total of five BPMV isolates (V-W1, V-W2, V-S98-1, V-S98-15 and V-S01-10) were collected in Virginia and characterized. In this study, the effects of these isolates were studied, alone or with Soybean mosaic virus (SMV, Genus Potyvirus, Family Potyviridae) strain SMV G1, and isolates S98-51 and S98-52, on selected soybean cultivars. Individual isolates of BPMV showed variable symptom severity, and resulted in yield loss of between 40.4 to 58.1%, while SMV caused 23.7% in the most severe interactions. Up to 100% yield loss was realized from double inoculations of selected BPMV and SMV isolates, BPMV V-S98-1 + SMV S98-52 and BPMV S98-15 + SMV S98-52 on Hutcheson and Hutcheson Roundup Ready® (BC5) soybeans, respectively. Time of inoculation, a critical factor in the impact of many virus diseases, affected seed coat mottling in four cultivars and seed weight in two cultivars, in tests with four BPMV isolates and three stages of soybean development. All BPMV isolates inoculated to plants at vegetative stage V1-V3 severely increased seed coat mottling and reduced seed weight than those inoculated at V4-V6 and reproductive stage R1-R3. Seedlings grown from non-mottled seeds germinated more uniformly had fewer thin-stemmed seedlings and grew faster than those grown from mottled seeds. Inoculation of various cultivars and breeding lines showed that there was no correlation between the severity of virus-induced foliar symptoms, relative accumulation of SMV, and extent of seed coat mottling. Thus, by avoiding the presence of BPMV at an early growth stage through proper timing of planting to avoid vectors, proper cultural practices like weed control, use of SMV free seeds, and chemical control, it is possible to greatly improve seed quality and reduce yield losses in soybean.	en
dc.description.degree	Ph. D.	en
dc.identifier.other	etd-08312004-143153	en
dc.identifier.sourceurl	http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08312004-143153/	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28836	en
dc.publisher	Virginia Tech	en
dc.relation.haspart	Chapter3.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	Chapter1.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	Chapter2.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	Chapter4.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	Vitae.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	Chapter5.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	Chapter6.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	Frontmatter.pdf	en
dc.rights	In Copyright	en
dc.rights.uri	http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/	en
dc.subject	seed coat mottling	en
dc.subject	time of infection	en
dc.subject	yield loss	en
dc.subject	virus diversity	en
dc.subject	synergism	en
dc.subject	seed quality	en
dc.subject	herbicide resistance-virus interactions	en
dc.title	Assessing the Distribution and Impact of <I>Bean pod mottle virus</I> (BPMV) as a Re-emerging Virus, and <I>Soybean mosaic virus </I>(SMV) in Soybean Grown in Virginia	en
dc.type	Dissertation	en
thesis.degree.discipline	Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science	en
thesis.degree.grantor	Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University	en
thesis.degree.level	doctoral	en
thesis.degree.name	Ph. D.	en

Assessing the Distribution and Impact of Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) as a Re-emerging Virus, and Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) in Soybean Grown in Virginia

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