Effects of the probiotic lactobacillus animalis in murine mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection

Karunasena, Enusha; Kurkure, Paresh C.; Lackey, Russell D.; McMahon, Kevin Wyatt; Kiernan, Estevan P.; Graham, Suzanne; Alabady, Magdy S.; Campos, David L.; Tatum, Owatha L.; Brashears, Mindy M.

Effects of the probiotic lactobacillus animalis in murine mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection

dc.contributor.author	Karunasena, Enusha	en
dc.contributor.author	Kurkure, Paresh C.	en
dc.contributor.author	Lackey, Russell D.	en
dc.contributor.author	McMahon, Kevin Wyatt	en
dc.contributor.author	Kiernan, Estevan P.	en
dc.contributor.author	Graham, Suzanne	en
dc.contributor.author	Alabady, Magdy S.	en
dc.contributor.author	Campos, David L.	en
dc.contributor.author	Tatum, Owatha L.	en
dc.contributor.author	Brashears, Mindy M.	en
dc.date.accessioned	2013-02-04T12:08:25Z	en
dc.date.available	2013-02-04T12:08:25Z	en
dc.date.issued	2013-01-16	en
dc.date.updated	2013-02-04T12:08:25Z	en
dc.description.abstract	Background MAP is a suspected zoonotic pathogen and the causative agent of Johne’s Disease in cattle and other ruminant animals. With over $1 billion dollars in loss to the dairy industry due to Johne’s Disease, efforts to eliminate or reduce MAP from cattle are of importance. The purpose of this study was to determine if daily intake of probiotics could eliminate or reduce Johne’s Disease associated symptoms and pathogenesis by MAP. Post infection, animals are often asymptomatic carriers with limited shedding of the pathogen, proving early detection to be difficult. Disease and symptoms often appear 3-4 years after infection with antibiotic treatment proving ineffective. Symptoms include chronic gastrointestinal inflammation leading to severe weight-loss from poor feed and water intake cause a wasting disease. These symptoms are similar to those found in individuals with Crohn’s Disease (CD); MAP has been implicated by not proven to be the causative agent of CD. Probiotics administered to livestock animals, including dairy and beef cattle have demonstrated improvements in cattle performance and health. Our objectives included determining the benefits of Lactobacillus animalis (strain name: NP-51) in MAP infected BALB/c mice by evaluating systemic and gastrointestinal response by the host and gut microbiota. Male and female animals were fed 1x106 CFU/g probiotics in sterile, powdered mouse chow daily and infected with 1 x 107 CFU/ml MAP and compared to controls. Animals were evaluated for 180 days to assess acute and chronic stages of disease, with sample collection from animals every 45 days. MAP concentrations from liver and intestinal tissues were examined using real time-PCR methods and the expression of key inflammatory markers were measured during MAP infection (interferon-gamma [IFN-Υ], Interleukin-1α, IL-12, IL-10, IL-6, and Tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]). Results Our results demonstrate administration of probiotics reduces production of IFN-Υ and IL-6 while increasing TNF-α and IL-17 in chronic disease; healthful immune responses that reduce chronic inflammation associated to MAP infection. Conclusions We observed that the immune system’s response in the presence of probiotics to MAP contributes towards host health by influencing the activity of the immune system and gut microbial populations.	en
dc.description.version	Published version	en
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	en
dc.identifier.citation	BMC Microbiology. 2013 Jan 16;13(1):8	en
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-13-8	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19171	en
dc.language.iso	en	en
dc.rights	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International	en
dc.rights.holder	Enusha Karunasena et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.	en
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	en
dc.title	Effects of the probiotic lactobacillus animalis in murine mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection	en
dc.title.serial	BMC Microbiology	en
dc.type	Article - Refereed	en
dc.type.dcmitype	Text	en