Variability in the Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Thermally Modified Hardwood Lumber

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dc.contributor.authorGonzalez, Juan J.en
dc.contributor.authorBond, Brian H.en
dc.contributor.authorQuesada, Henry Joseen
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-09T19:18:29Zen
dc.date.available2021-11-09T19:18:29Zen
dc.date.issued2021-08-01en
dc.date.updated2021-11-09T19:18:27Zen
dc.description.abstractResearch indicates that users of thermally modified wood lack information regarding the improved performance and any variations that may exist for the “same” product when manufactured by different companies. The goal of this study was to evaluate the variability in mechanical properties of three thermally modified hardwoods and determine the variability between three different manufacturers. To determine the hardness, bending (modulus of elasticity and module of rupture) and shrinkage values, testing was conducted following ASTM standard D143. The samples were conditioned at 20 °C and a relative humidity of 65% until they reached an equilibrium moisture content before testing. Analysis of variance was used to determine the variability within and between the different processes used by each company. Seven out of 18 (39%) tests indicated that there were statistical differences regarding the mechanical performances of the wood samples. Yellow poplar had the least variation between companies (only difference in equilibrium moisture content, EMC) and red maple had the most (hardness, tangential shrinkage, and EMC). While the means for these properties were statistically different, the differences in application for hardness and EMC are slight. For example, the largest difference between processes in hardness was 83.6 kg, for tangential shrinkage, 0.45% and 1.37% for EMC. These differences are suggested to be inconsequential when compared to the values that exist between different species of untreated wood.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extentPages 6083-6099en
dc.format.extent17 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.6083-6099en
dc.identifier.eissn1930-2126en
dc.identifier.issn1930-2126en
dc.identifier.issue3en
dc.identifier.orcidQuesada, Henry [0000-0002-3021-0215]en
dc.identifier.orcidBond, Brian [0000-0001-6712-8250]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/106559en
dc.identifier.volume16en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherNorth Carolina State Universityen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000710578800005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectMaterials Science, Paper & Wooden
dc.subjectMaterials Scienceen
dc.subjectThermally modified lumberen
dc.subjectANOVAen
dc.subjectYellow poplaren
dc.subjectRed mapleen
dc.subjectWhite Ashen
dc.subjectMechanical propertiesen
dc.subjectASTM D143en
dc.subjectHEAT-TREATMENTen
dc.subjectBiotechnologyen
dc.subject0904 Chemical Engineeringen
dc.subject0914 Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgyen
dc.titleVariability in the Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Thermally Modified Hardwood Lumberen
dc.title.serialBioResourcesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environmenten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environment/Sustainable Biomaterialsen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environment/CNRE T&R Facultyen

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