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Evaluation of digestively resistant or soluble fibers, short- and medium-chain fatty acids, trace minerals, and antibiotics in nonchallenged nursery pigs on performance, digestibility, and intestinal integrity

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dc.contributor.authorKerr, Brian J.en
dc.contributor.authorTrachsel, Julian M.en
dc.contributor.authorBearson, Bradley L.en
dc.contributor.authorLoving, Crystal L.en
dc.contributor.authorBearson, Shawn M. D.en
dc.contributor.authorByrne, Kristen A.en
dc.contributor.authorPearce, Sarah C.en
dc.contributor.authorRamirez, Shelby M.en
dc.contributor.authorGabler, Nicholas K.en
dc.contributor.authorSchweer, Wesley P.en
dc.contributor.authorHelm, Emma T.en
dc.contributor.authorDe Mille, Carson M.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-25T12:45:33Zen
dc.date.available2023-04-25T12:45:33Zen
dc.date.issued2022-11en
dc.description.abstractNonantibiotic in-feed additives have limited effects on performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal function when supplemented to diets fed to nursery pigs. Lay Summary In-feed antimicrobials have been an important technology in swine production for protecting health and supporting growth. However, with legislative restrictions on the use of most antibiotics for growth promotion, research is needed to evaluate in-feed additives in replacing this growth promoting technology. Thus, strategies to enhance energy and nutrient digestibility, intestinal function and integrity, gastrointestinal volatile fatty acid concentrations, and microbial ecology in nursery pigs are desirable targets. The results of the three experiments conducted herein do not indicate that supplementing diets with digestively resistant but fermentable fibers, short-medium-chain fatty acids, or antibiotics have a consistent positive or negative effect on markers of intestinal integrity or barrier function, VFA patterns (ileal, cecal, or colon), ATTD of energy and nutrients, or pig performance. Three experiments (EXP) were conducted to determine the effect of feed additives on performance, intestinal integrity, gastrointestinal volatile fatty acids (VFA), and energy and nutrient digestion in nonchallenged nursery pigs. In EXP 1, 480 pigs (6.36-kg body weight, BW) were placed into 96 pens with 5 pigs/pen, and allotted to 1 of 10 dietary treatments: 1) negative control containing no feed additive (NC), 2) NC + 44 mg chlortetracycline and 38.5 mg tiamulin/kg diet (CTsb), 3) NC + 5% resistant potato starch (RSpo), 4) NC + 5% soluble corn fiber (SCF), 5) NC + 5% sugar beet pulp (SBP), 6) NC + 0.30% fatty acid mix (FAM), 7) NC + 0.10% phytogenic blend of essential oils and flavoring compounds (PHY), 8) NC + 50 mg Cu and 1,600 mg zinc oxide/kg diet (CuZn), 9) NC + 5% resistant corn starch (RScn), and 10) NC + 0.05% beta-glucan (BG) for 28 d. There was no impact of dietary treatment on BW gain or feed intake (P >= 0.22). Pigs fed diets containing SCF, CTsb, and RSpo resulted in microbial community differences compared to pigs fed the NC (P < 0.05). In EXP 2, 48 barrows (12.8 kg BW) were selected at the end of EXP 1 and fed the same dietary treatments they had previously received: 1) NC, 2) NC + 5% RScn, 3) NC + 5% SCF, and 4) NC + FAM for 8 d. There was no effect of feeding diets containing RScn, SCF, or FAM on in vivo intestinal permeability (P <= 0.21). Ileal or colon pH, concentrations of VFA did not differ due to dietary treatment (P >= 0.36), but pigs fed diets containing FAM resulted in a greater butyric acid concentration in the cecum compared to pigs fed the NC (P <= 0.05). In EXP 3, 156 pigs (6.11 kg BW) were placed into 52 pens with 3 pigs/pen and allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments arranged in a factorial manner: 1) NC, 2) NC + 5% RSpo, 3) NC + 0.30% FAM, and 4) NC + 5% RSpo + 0.30% FAM for 24 d. Feeding pigs diets containing RSpo did not affect BW gain (P = 0.91) while pigs fed diets containing FAM grew improved BW gain (P = 0.09). Colonic butyric acid concentrations were greater in pigs fed diets containing RSpo (P = 0.03), while pigs fed diets containing FAM exhibited reduced total VFA concentrations (P = 0.11). The results indicate that supplementing diets with digestively resistant but fermentable fibers, short- and medium-chain fatty acids, or antibiotics do not have a consistent effect, positive or negative, on markers of intestinal integrity or barrier function, intestinal VFA patterns, ATTD of energy and nutrients, or on pig performance.en
dc.description.notesThis research was financially supported in part by Nutriad Inc., Hampshire, IL, Tate and Lyle, Hoffman Estates, IL, and by an appointment to the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). ORISE is managed by ORAU under DOE contract number DE-AC05-06OR23100. This research was supported by appropriated funds from USDA-CRIS projects 5030-31320-004-00D and 5030-31000-006-00D. This research used resources provided by the SCINet project and the AI Center of Excellence of the USDA Agricultural Research Service, ARS project number 0500-00093-001-00-D. We appreciate technical assistance from Elli Whalen, Amber Miranda, Jennifer Jones, Briony Atkinson, Zahra Bond, Kellie Winter, and Shari Steadham. We miss our colleague Dr. Heather Allen who participated in early conversations on reported studies. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by Iowa State University or the USDA and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNutriad Inc., Hampshire, IL; Tate and Lyle, Hoffman Estates, IL; ORAU under DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; USDA-CRIS [5030-31320-004-00D, 5030-31000-006-00D]; SCINet project; AI Center of Excellence of the USDA Agricultural Research Service, ARS [0500-00093-001-00-D]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac282en
dc.identifier.eissn1525-3163en
dc.identifier.issue11en
dc.identifier.otherskac282en
dc.identifier.pmid36130296en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/114773en
dc.identifier.volume100en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen
dc.rightsPublic Domain (U.S.)en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/en
dc.subjectbone mineral contenten
dc.subjectmineral digestionen
dc.subjectnursery pigen
dc.subjectresistant starchen
dc.subjectsoluble corn fiberen
dc.subjectvolatile fatty acidsen
dc.titleEvaluation of digestively resistant or soluble fibers, short- and medium-chain fatty acids, trace minerals, and antibiotics in nonchallenged nursery pigs on performance, digestibility, and intestinal integrityen
dc.title.serialJournal of Animal Scienceen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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