Lens calcium homeostasis and selenite cataract

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dc.contributor.authorWang, Zaiqien
dc.contributor.committeecochairBunce, George Edwinen
dc.contributor.committeecochairHess, John L.en
dc.contributor.committeememberBevan, David R.en
dc.contributor.committeememberKennelly, Peter J.en
dc.contributor.committeememberLee, John C.en
dc.contributor.departmentBiochemistry and Nutritionen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T21:10:40Zen
dc.date.adate2006-05-04en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T21:10:40Zen
dc.date.issued1992en
dc.date.rdate2006-05-04en
dc.date.sdate2006-05-04en
dc.description.abstractA 3- to 5-fold increase in Ca2+ accompanies cataract formation induced by selenite. The mechanism of selenite cataractogenesis involves calcium activation of calpain with subsequent proteolysis within the lens nucleus. This study was undertaken to investigate the biochemical mechanisms that lead to calcium accumulation in these circumstances. The components responsible for rat lens calcium regulation were defined by using either lens membrane vesicle preparations or intact lenses. Both Na+ gradient-dependent Ca2+ uptake and efflux occurred in lens membrane vesicles. Experiments with intact lenses showed that Na + ICa2 + exchange plays an important role in lens calcium regulation. ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake and Ca2+ -dependent ATP hydrolytic activity have been characterized in lens membrane vesicles. Therefore, both Ca2+ -ATPase and Na + ICa2+ exchange participate in rat lens calcium regulation. Calcium accumulation in lenses treated by selenite may result from either increased influx (via non-selective cation channel), decreased efflux (via Ca2 +-ATPase and Na+ ICa 2+ exchange) or both. The selenite effects on the different components involved in lens calcium regulation were tested.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.format.extent120 leavesen
dc.format.mediumBTDen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.otheretd-05042006-164509en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042006-164509/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/37686en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartLD5655.V856_1992.W364.pdfen
dc.relation.isformatofOCLC# 26812905en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subject.lccLD5655.V856 1992.W364en
dc.subject.lcshCalcium -- Physiological effecten
dc.subject.lcshCataracten
dc.subject.lcshCrystalline lens -- Diseasesen
dc.subject.lcshSelenitesen
dc.titleLens calcium homeostasis and selenite cataracten
dc.typeDissertationen
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
thesis.degree.disciplineBiochemistry and Nutritionen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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