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Sequence Development and Dolomitization of a Late Jurassic Giant Oil Reservoir, Arab-D Reservoir, Hawiyah (GHAWAR) and Harmaliyah Fields, Saudi Arabia

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dc.contributor.authorAltemimi, Khalaf O.en
dc.contributor.committeechairRead, James Fredricken
dc.contributor.committeememberAl-Tawil, Ausen
dc.contributor.committeememberBodnar, Robert J.en
dc.contributor.committeememberEriksson, Kenneth A.en
dc.contributor.departmentGeosciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-06T15:42:30Zen
dc.date.adate2012-06-04en
dc.date.available2017-04-06T15:42:30Zen
dc.date.issued2012-04-30en
dc.date.rdate2016-09-27en
dc.date.sdate2012-05-14en
dc.description.abstractThirty cores from the Late Jurassic uppermost Jubaila, Arab-D reservoir and Arab-D anhydrite in Hawiyah (Ghawar) and Harmaliyah fields, eastern Saudi Arabia were studied to document the detailed facies stacking and high resolution sequence stratigraphy. The Jubaila-Arab-D interval is a shallowing upward succession of two composite sequences, in which the Arab-D reservoir and overlying anhydrite have up to twelve higher frequency sequences. Both fields are strikingly similar in terms of facies, parasequences, and vertical stacking of facies. The direction of the progrodaion is east and northeast and that is supported by northeast thickening of the Arab-D reservoir and by the stromatoporoid and Cladocoropsis facies progrodation. This suggests that the Arab-D reservoirs in both fields may represent part of a single carbonate ramp with subtle syndepositional highs. The scarcity of exposure surfaces with caliche in the Arab-D reflects the relatively high subsidence rate (~6 cm/k.y.) relative to the small sea level oscillations that formed the succession coupled with the long term shallowing trend up through the section. Dolomites from the Arab-D reservoir zones 1 to 4, in both fields were studied to better understand their origin. The dolomites are dominantly fabric destructive medium to coarse grained types, and much less common fabric retentive finer grained dolomites in the uppermost Arab-D reservoir. The δ¹³C values are rock buffered while the δ¹⁸O values have been greatly shifted toward negative values relative to unaltered early dolomite, and dolomite crystal rims generally have lighter δ¹⁸O values than cores. The dolomites were initiated at different times during shallowing phases on the Arab-D platform, with the bulk of the fabric destructive dolomites forming under near normal salinities, while the fabric preserving dolomites formed as a result of dolomitizing aragonitic sediments from more evaporated waters. With increasing burial and increasing temperature, the early dolomites re-equilibrated with the increasingly warm basinal brines resulting in replacement of cores, and dolomite cementation by rim overgrowth. Progressive plugging of higher dolomites earlier, caused some of these to retain slightly heavier δ¹⁸O values and marine seawater Sr isotope values while those that remained permeable developed very light δ¹⁸O values and more radiogenic Sr values, shifting them toward the field of late stage baroque dolomite.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.identifier.otheretd-05142012-161259en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05142012-161259/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/77079en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectDolomitizationen
dc.subjectLate Jurassicen
dc.subjectArab-Den
dc.subjectSequence Stratigraphyen
dc.titleSequence Development and Dolomitization of a Late Jurassic Giant Oil Reservoir, Arab-D Reservoir, Hawiyah (GHAWAR) and Harmaliyah Fields, Saudi Arabiaen
dc.typeDissertationen
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
thesis.degree.disciplineGeosciencesen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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