Application and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds in Peanut Skins, a Waste Product of Virginia Agriculture

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dc.contributor.authorSarnoski, Paul J.en
dc.contributor.committeechairO'Keefe, Sean F.en
dc.contributor.committeememberEigel, William N. IIIen
dc.contributor.committeememberTanko, James M.en
dc.contributor.committeememberBoyer, Renee R.en
dc.contributor.departmentFood Science and Technologyen
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-06T15:44:32Zen
dc.date.adate2011-01-11en
dc.date.available2017-04-06T15:44:32Zen
dc.date.issued2010-12-07en
dc.date.rdate2016-10-18en
dc.date.sdate2010-12-19en
dc.description.abstractPeanut skins have long been a waste product of the peanut industry. The aim of this project was to find suitable applications for this rich source of natural bioactive compounds. Solvent extracts of peanut skins and a multistep solvent extraction process to yield oligiomeric procyanidin (OPC) extracts were found to be inhibitory towards three types of yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zygosaccharomyces bailli, and Zygosaccharomyces bisporus). All extracts were devoid of solvents that may have interfered with the results. The OPC extract exhibited the highest inhibitory effect, and was chosen for fractionation. Fractionation was conducted by means of a silica or size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column. Fractions were then subjected to a yeast growth curve assay to determine the active fractions. The fractions were then characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Negative mode electrospray MS determined the fractions to contain mostly procyanidins but also proanthocyanidins. Since it is possible for multiple compounds to display the same molecular ion, multistep MS and retention time differences were utilized to tentatively identify the compounds based upon their fragmentation schemes. However, co-elution was prominent, thus specific compounds responsible for yeast growth inhibition could not be determined. The yeast inhibition assay demonstrated that the procyanidin dimers up to tetramers had the best anti-yeast capabilities.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.identifier.otheretd-12192010-172241en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12192010-172241/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/77290en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectliquid chromatographyen
dc.subjectpeanuten
dc.subjectby-producten
dc.subjectyeasten
dc.subjectoptical densityen
dc.subjectmass spectrometryen
dc.titleApplication and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds in Peanut Skins, a Waste Product of Virginia Agricultureen
dc.typeDissertationen
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
thesis.degree.disciplineFood Science and Technologyen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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