Model-Free Cyber-Resilient Coordinated Inverter Control in a Microgrid

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dc.contributor.authorBeikbabaei, Miladen
dc.contributor.authorLarsen, Carolineen
dc.contributor.authorMehrizi-Sani, Alien
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-21T14:34:24Zen
dc.date.available2025-03-21T14:34:24Zen
dc.date.issued2024-09-20en
dc.description.abstractThe increasing number of inverter-based resources (IBR) in the grid introduces new challenges due to the fast transient response and low inertia of IBRs. Set point automatic adjustment with correction enabled (SPAACE)–based techniques smoothen the transient response of an IBR already installed in a grid by modifying its set point without accessing its internal parameters in a model-free approach. Coordinated SPAACE (CSPAACE) further enhances SPAACE performance by incorporating communication links to exchange tracking error values between IBRs; however, this creates openings for cyberattacks. This work adds a detection and mitigation algorithm for both denial of service (DoS) and false data injection (FDI) attacks on the communication channels. Long short-term memory (LSTM) detects anomalies in the inputs received from other inverters, and bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) mitigates the adverse effect of attacks on the voltage and frequency stability of a microgrid. A hybrid co-simulation platform is developed using a computer running PSCAD/EMTDC software, a network switch, and two Raspberry Pi computers, where the cyberattacks are conducted on the network switch using one of the Pis. The testbed is used to study the effectiveness of the proposed detection and mitigation method under DoS and FDI attacks and various grid transients.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Award ECCS-1953213, in part by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under the Solar Energy Technologies Office Award under Grant 38637 (UNIFI Consortium led by NREL), in part by the Department of Defense, in part by the Commonwealth Cyber Initiative (www.cyberinitiative.org), and in part by Virginia Tech’s Open Access Subvention Fund (OASF).en
dc.format.extent15 pagesen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3464534en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10919/124900en
dc.identifier.volume12en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherIEEEen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectCyberattacken
dc.subjectdeep learningen
dc.subjectdetectionen
dc.subjectdenial of service (DoS)en
dc.subjectfalse data injection (FDI)en
dc.subjectinverter-based resources (IBR)en
dc.subjectLSTMen
dc.subjectBiLSTMen
dc.subjectmachine learningen
dc.subjectmodel-freeen
dc.subjectmicrogriden
dc.subjectmitigationen
dc.titleModel-Free Cyber-Resilient Coordinated Inverter Control in a Microgriden
dc.title.serialIEEE Accessen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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