Delayed egg-laying and shortened incubation duration of Arctic-breeding shorebirds coincide with climate cooling

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dc.contributor.authorKwon, Eunbien
dc.contributor.authorEnglish, Willow B.en
dc.contributor.authorWeiser, Emily L.en
dc.contributor.authorFranks, Samantha E.en
dc.contributor.authorHodkinson, David J.en
dc.contributor.authorLank, David B.en
dc.contributor.authorSandercock, Brett K.en
dc.contributor.departmentFish and Wildlife Conservationen
dc.date.accessioned2018-07-24T17:01:38Zen
dc.date.available2018-07-24T17:01:38Zen
dc.date.issued2017en
dc.description.abstractBiological impacts of climate change are exemplified by shifts in phenology. As the timing of breeding advances, the within-season relationships between timing of breeding and reproductive traits may change and cause long-term changes in the population mean value of reproductive traits. We investigated long-term changes in the timing of breeding and within-season patterns of clutch size, egg volume, incubation duration, and daily nest survival of three shorebird species between two decades. Based on previously known within-season patterns and assuming a warming trend, we hypothesized that the timing of clutch initiation would advance between decades and would be coupled with increases in mean clutch size, egg volume, and daily nest survival rate. We monitored 1,378 nests of western sandpipers, semipalmated sandpipers, and red-necked phalaropes at a subarctic site during 1993–1996 and 2010–2014. Sandpipers have biparental incubation, whereas phalaropes have uniparental incubation. We found an unexpected long-term cooling trend during the early part of the breeding season. Three species delayed clutch initiation by 5 days in the 2010s relative to the 1990s. Clutch size and daily nest survival showed strong within-season declines in sandpipers, but not in phalaropes. Egg volume showed strong within-season declines in one species of sandpiper, but increased in phalaropes. Despite the within-season patterns in traits and shifts in phenology, clutch size, egg volume, and daily nest survival were similar between decades. In contrast, incubation duration did not show within-season variation, but decreased by 2 days in sandpipers and increased by 2 days in phalaropes. Shorebirds demonstrated variable breeding phenology and incubation duration in relation to climate cooling, but little change in nonphenological components of traits. Our results indicate that the breeding phenology of shorebirds is closely associated with the temperature conditions on breeding ground, the effects of which can vary among reproductive traits and among sympatric species.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canadaen
dc.description.sponsorshipNSERC: STPSC 357054en
dc.description.sponsorshipAlaska Department of Fish and Gameen
dc.description.sponsorshipADF&G: State Wildlife Grant T-16en
dc.description.sponsorshipOffice of Polar Programs of the National Science Foundationen
dc.description.sponsorshipNSF: ARC-1023396en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3733en
dc.identifier.issue4en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/84321en
dc.identifier.volume7en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherWileyen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectbreeding phenologyen
dc.subjectCalidris maurien
dc.subjectCalidris pusillaen
dc.subjectclimate changeen
dc.subjectdaily nest survivalen
dc.subjectincubation durationen
dc.subjectPhalaropus lobatusen
dc.subjectseasonalityen
dc.titleDelayed egg-laying and shortened incubation duration of Arctic-breeding shorebirds coincide with climate coolingen
dc.title.serialEcology and Evolutionen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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