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Renewable Hydrogen Carrier — Carbohydrate: Constructing the Carbon-Neutral Carbohydrate Economy

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dc.contributor.authorZhang, Y. H. Percivalen
dc.contributor.authorMielenz, Jonathan R.en
dc.contributor.departmentBiological Systems Engineeringen
dc.contributor.departmentInstitute for Critical Technology and Applied Scienceen
dc.date.accessioned2017-09-20T18:17:20Zen
dc.date.available2017-09-20T18:17:20Zen
dc.date.issued2011-01-31en
dc.date.updated2017-09-20T18:17:20Zen
dc.description.abstractThe hydrogen economy presents an appealing energy future but its implementation must solve numerous problems ranging from low-cost sustainable production, high-density storage, costly infrastructure, to eliminating safety concern. The use of renewable carbohydrate as a high-density hydrogen carrier and energy source for hydrogen production is possible due to emerging cell-free synthetic biology technology—cell-free synthetic pathway biotransformation (SyPaB). Assembly of numerous enzymes and co-enzymes <em>in vitro</em> can create complicated set of biological reactions or pathways that microorganisms or catalysts cannot complete, for example, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (aq) + 7 H<sub>2</sub>O (l) à 12 H<sub>2</sub> (g) + 6 CO<sub>2</sub> (g) (PLoS One 2007, 2:e456). Thanks to 100% selectivity of enzymes, modest reaction conditions, and high-purity of generated hydrogen, carbohydrate is a promising hydrogen carrier for end users. Gravimetric density of carbohydrate is 14.8 H<sub>2</sub> mass% if water can be recycled from proton exchange membrane fuel cells or 8.33% H<sub>2</sub> mass% without water recycling. Renewable carbohydrate can be isolated from plant biomass or would be produced from a combination of solar electricity/hydrogen and carbon dioxide fixation mediated by high-efficiency artificial photosynthesis mediated by SyPaB. The construction of this carbon-neutral carbohydrate economy would address numerous sustainability challenges, such as electricity and hydrogen storage, CO<sub>2</sub> fixation and long-term storage, water conservation, transportation fuel production, plus feed and food production.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationZhang, Y.-H.; Mielenz, J.R. Renewable Hydrogen Carrier — Carbohydrate: Constructing the Carbon-Neutral Carbohydrate Economy. Energies 2011, 4, 254-275.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/en4020254en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/79150en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectartificial photosynthesisen
dc.subjectcarbohydrate economyen
dc.subjectcarbon dioxide utilizationen
dc.subjecthydrogen carrieren
dc.subjecthydrogen productionen
dc.subjectcell-free synthetic pathway biotransformation (SyPaB)en
dc.titleRenewable Hydrogen Carrier — Carbohydrate: Constructing the Carbon-Neutral Carbohydrate Economyen
dc.title.serialEnergiesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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