The vulnerability work attitude: an examination of uncertain exchange outcomes in a tipping occupation

Service workers who are paid in tips experience a particular type of occupational uncertainty. It stems from the lack of contract securing wages, When wages, the terms of the work exchange, are not specified, then the outcome of work exchange is uncertain. The attitude that develops in response to uncertain exchange outcomes is defined as occupational Vulnerability. It serves as the study's dependent variable and is researched within the context of waitress work.