Genotypic and Pathotypic Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses from India

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dc.contributor.authorTirumurugaan, Krishnaswamy G.en
dc.contributor.authorKapgate, Sunilen
dc.contributor.authorVinupriya, Manavalan K.en
dc.contributor.authorVijayarani, Kumananen
dc.contributor.authorKumanan, Kathaperumalen
dc.contributor.authorElankumaran, Subbiahen
dc.date.accessioned2018-11-05T15:13:16Zen
dc.date.available2018-11-05T15:13:16Zen
dc.date.issued2011-12-09en
dc.description.abstractNewcastle disease virus (NDV) is an avian paramyxovirus that causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry in most parts of the world. The susceptibility of a wide variety of avian species coupled with synanthropic bird reservoirs has contributed to the vast genomic diversity of this virus as well as diagnostic failures. Since the first panzootic in 1926, Newcastle disease (ND) became enzootic in India with recurrent outbreaks in multiple avian species. The genetic characteristics of circulating strains in India, however, are largely unknown. To understand the nature of NDV genotypes in India, we characterized two representative strains isolated 13 years apart from a chicken and a pigeon by complete genome sequence analysis and pathotyping. The viruses were characterized as velogenic by pathogenicity indices devised to distinguish these strains. The genome length was 15,186 nucleotides (nt) and consisted of six non-overlapping genes, with conserved and complementary 3′ leader and 5′ trailer regions, conserved gene starts, gene stops, and intergenic sequences similar to those in avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1) strains. Matrix gene sequence analysis grouped the pigeon isolate with APMV-1 strains. Phylogeny based on the fusion (F), and hemagglutinin (HN) genes and complete genome sequence grouped these viruses into genotype IV. Genotype IV strains are considered to have “died out” after the first panzootic (1926–1960) of ND. But, our results suggest that there is persistence of genotype IV strains in India.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028414en
dc.identifier.eissn1932-6203en
dc.identifier.issue12en
dc.identifier.othere28414en
dc.identifier.pmid22174801en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/85642en
dc.identifier.volume6en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPLOSen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleGenotypic and Pathotypic Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses from Indiaen
dc.title.serialPLOS ONEen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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