Rumen volatile fatty acid molar proportions, rumen epithelial gene expression, and blood metabolite concentration responses to ruminally degradable starch and fiber supplies

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dc.contributor.authorBeckett, Lindaen
dc.contributor.authorGleason, Claire B.en
dc.contributor.authorBedford, Andreaen
dc.contributor.authorLiebe, Douglas M.en
dc.contributor.authorYohe, Taylor T.en
dc.contributor.authorHall, Mary Bethen
dc.contributor.authorDaniels, Kristy M.en
dc.contributor.authorWhite, Robin R.en
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-17T13:36:52Zen
dc.date.available2021-11-17T13:36:52Zen
dc.date.issued2021-08en
dc.description.abstractThe objective of this work was to characterize rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, rumen epithelial gene expression, and blood metabolite responses to diets with different starch and fiber sources. Six ruminally cannulated yearling Holstein heifers (body weight = 330 +/- 11.3 kg) were arranged in a partially replicated Latin square experiment with 4 treatments consisting of different starch [barley (BAR) or corn (CRN)] and fiber [timothy hay (TH) or beet pulp (BP)] sources. Treatments were arranged as a 2 & times; 2 factorial. Beet pulp and TH were used to create relative changes in apparent ruminal fiber disappearance, whereas CRN and BAR were used to create relative changes in apparent ruminal starch disappearance. Each period consisted of 3 d of diet adaptation and 15 d of dietary treatment. In situ disappearance of fiber and starch were estimated from bags incubated in the rumen from d 10 to 14. From d 15 to 17, rumen fluid was collected every hour from 0500 to 2300 h. Rumen fluid samples were pooled by animal/period and analyzed for pH and VFA concentrations. On d 18, 60 to 80 papillae were biopsied from the epithelium and preserved for gene expression analysis. On d 18, one blood sample per heifer was collected from the coccygeal vessel. In situ ruminal starch disappearance rate (7.30 to 8.72%/h for BAR vs. 7.61 to 10.5%/h for CRN) and the extent of fiber disappearance (22.2 to 33.4% of DM for TH vs. 34.4 to 38.7% of DM for BP) were affected by starch and fiber source, respectively. Analysis of VFA molar proportions showed a shift from propionate to acetate, and valerate to isovalerate on TH diets compared with BP. Corn diets favored propionate over butyrate in comparison to BAR diets. Corn diets also had higher molar proportions of valerate. Expression of 1 gene (SLC9A3) were increased in BP diets and 2 genes (BDH1 and SLC16A4) tended to be increased in TH diets. Plasma acetate demonstrated a tendency for a starch by fiber interaction with BAR-BP diets having the highest plasma acetate, but other metabolites measured were not significant. These results suggest that TH has the greatest effect on shifts in VFA molar proportions and epithelial transporters, but does not demonstrate shifts in blood metabolite concentrations.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesResearch was supported by state and federal funds appropriated to Virginia Tech, and by USDA-NIFA project numbers 2015-03656 and 201705943. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.en
dc.description.sponsorshipUSDA-NIFAUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [2015-03656, 2017-05943]; state and federal funds appropriated to Virginia Techen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-19622en
dc.identifier.eissn1525-3198en
dc.identifier.issn0022-0302en
dc.identifier.issue8en
dc.identifier.pmid33985782en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/106662en
dc.identifier.volume104en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsPublic Domain (U.S.)en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/en
dc.subjectrumen epitheliumen
dc.subjectblood metaboliteen
dc.subjectvolatile fatty acid dynamicsen
dc.titleRumen volatile fatty acid molar proportions, rumen epithelial gene expression, and blood metabolite concentration responses to ruminally degradable starch and fiber suppliesen
dc.title.serialJournal of Dairy Scienceen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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