Modulations of the cosmic muon signal in ten years of Borexino data

dc.contributor.authorAgostini, Matteoen
dc.contributor.authorAltenmueller, Konraden
dc.contributor.authorAppel, S.en
dc.contributor.authorAtroshchenko, Victoren
dc.contributor.authorBagdasarian, Zaraen
dc.contributor.authorBasilico, D.en
dc.contributor.authorBellini, G.en
dc.contributor.authorBenziger, Jayen
dc.contributor.authorBick, D.en
dc.contributor.authorBolognino, Ireneen
dc.contributor.authorBonfini, G.en
dc.contributor.authorBravo, D.en
dc.contributor.authorCaccianiga, B.en
dc.contributor.authorCalaprice, F.en
dc.contributor.authorCaminata, A.en
dc.contributor.authorCaprioli, S.en
dc.contributor.authorCarlini, M.en
dc.contributor.authorCavalcante, P.en
dc.contributor.authorCavanna, F.en
dc.contributor.authorChepurnov, A.en
dc.contributor.authorChoi, K.en
dc.contributor.authorCollica, L.en
dc.contributor.authorD'Angelo, D.en
dc.contributor.authorDavini, S.en
dc.contributor.authorDerbin, A. V.en
dc.contributor.authorDing, X. F.en
dc.contributor.authorDi Ludovico, Antonioen
dc.contributor.authorDi Noto, Leaen
dc.contributor.authorDrachnev, I.en
dc.contributor.authorFomenko, K.en
dc.contributor.authorFormozov, A.en
dc.contributor.authorFranco, D.en
dc.contributor.authorGabriele, Federicoen
dc.contributor.authorGalbiati, C.en
dc.contributor.authorGschwender, M.en
dc.contributor.authorGhiano, C.en
dc.contributor.authorGiammarchi, Marcoen
dc.contributor.authorGoretti, A.en
dc.contributor.authorGromov, M.en
dc.contributor.authorGuffanti, D.en
dc.contributor.authorHagner, C.en
dc.contributor.authorHoudy, T.en
dc.contributor.authorHungerford, Ed V.en
dc.contributor.authorIanni, Aldoen
dc.contributor.authorIanni, Andreaen
dc.contributor.authorJany, A.en
dc.contributor.authorJeschke, D.en
dc.contributor.authorKobychev, V.en
dc.contributor.authorKorablev, D.en
dc.contributor.authorKorga, G.en
dc.contributor.authorKudryavtsev, V. A.en
dc.contributor.authorKumaran, S.en
dc.contributor.authorLachenmaier, Tobiasen
dc.contributor.authorLaubenstein, Matthiasen
dc.contributor.authorLitvinovich, E.en
dc.contributor.authorLombardi, Francescoen
dc.contributor.authorLombardi, Paoloen
dc.contributor.authorLudhova, L.en
dc.contributor.authorLukyanchenko, G.en
dc.contributor.authorLukyanchenko, L.en
dc.contributor.authorMachulin, I. N.en
dc.contributor.authorManuzio, G.en
dc.contributor.authorMarcocci, S.en
dc.contributor.authorMaricic, Jelenaen
dc.contributor.authorMartyn, J.en
dc.contributor.authorMeighen-Berger, S.en
dc.contributor.authorMeroni, E.en
dc.contributor.authorMeyer, M.en
dc.contributor.authorMiramonti, L.en
dc.contributor.authorMisiaszek, M.en
dc.contributor.authorMuratova, V. N.en
dc.contributor.authorNeumair, B.en
dc.contributor.authorNieslony, M.en
dc.contributor.authorOberauer, L.en
dc.contributor.authorOpitz, B.en
dc.contributor.authorOrekhov, V.en
dc.contributor.authorOrtica, F.en
dc.contributor.authorPallavicini, M.en
dc.contributor.authorPapp, L.en
dc.contributor.authorPenek, Oeen
dc.contributor.authorPietrofaccia, L.en
dc.contributor.authorPilipenko, N.en
dc.contributor.authorPocar, A.en
dc.contributor.authorPorcelli, A.en
dc.contributor.authorRaikov, G.en
dc.contributor.authorRanucci, G.en
dc.contributor.authorRazeto, A.en
dc.contributor.authorRe, A.en
dc.contributor.authorRedchuk, M.en
dc.contributor.authorRomani, A.en
dc.contributor.authorRossi, Nicolaen
dc.contributor.authorRottenanger, Sebastianen
dc.contributor.authorSchoenert, S.en
dc.contributor.authorSemenov, D. A.en
dc.contributor.authorSkorokhvatov, Mikhail D.en
dc.contributor.authorSmirnov, O. Y.en
dc.contributor.authorSotnikov, A.en
dc.contributor.authorStokes, Lee F. F.en
dc.contributor.authorSuvorov, Yuraen
dc.contributor.authorTartaglia, R.en
dc.contributor.authorTestera, G.en
dc.contributor.authorThurn, J.en
dc.contributor.authorToropova, M.en
dc.contributor.authorUnzhakov, E. V.en
dc.contributor.authorVishneva, A.en
dc.contributor.authorVogelaar, R. Bruceen
dc.contributor.authorvon Feilitzsch, F.en
dc.contributor.authorWeinz, S.en
dc.contributor.authorWojcik, M. M.en
dc.contributor.authorWurm, M.en
dc.contributor.authorYokley, Z. W.en
dc.contributor.authorZaimidoroga, O.en
dc.contributor.authorZavatarelli, S.en
dc.contributor.authorZuber, Kaien
dc.contributor.authorZuzel, G.en
dc.contributor.departmentPhysicsen
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-30T13:47:05Zen
dc.date.available2019-08-30T13:47:05Zen
dc.date.issued2019-02en
dc.description.abstractWe have measured the flux of cosmic muons in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso at 3800 m.w.e. to be (3.432 +/- 0.003) center dot 10(-4) m(-2) s(-1) based on ten years of Borexino data acquired between May 2007 and May 2017. A seasonal modulation with a period of (366.3 +/- 0.6) d and a relative amplitude of (1.36 +/- 0.04)% is observed. The phase is measured to be (181.7 +/- 0.4) d, corresponding to a maximum at the 1 st of July. Using data inferred from global atmospheric models, we show the muon flux to be positively correlated with the atmospheric temperature and measure the e ff ective temperature coe ffi cient alpha(T) = 0.90 +/- 0.02. The origin of cosmic muons from pion and kaon decays in the atmosphere allows to interpret the e ff ective temperature coe ffi cient as an indirect measurement of the atmospheric kaon-topion production ratio r(K/pi) = 0.11(-0.07)(+0.11) for primary energies above 18TeV. We find evidence for a long-term modulation of the muon flux with a period of similar to 3000 d and a maximum in June 2012 that is not present in the atmospheric temperature data. A possible correlation between this modulation and the solar activity is investigated. The cosmogenic neutron production rate is found to show a seasonal modulation in phase with the cosmic muon flux but with an increased amplitude of (2.6 +/- 0.4)%.en
dc.description.notesThe Borexino program is made possible by funding from INFN (Italy), NSF (U.S.A.), BMBF, DFG (OB 168/2-1, WU742/4-1, ZU 123/18-1), HGF, and MPG (Germany), RFBR (Grants 16-02-01026 A, 15-02-02117 A, 16-29-13014 ofim, 17-02-00305 A), RSF (Grant 17-02-01009) (Russia), and NCN (Grant No. UMO 2013/10/E/ST2/00180) (Poland). We acknowledge the generous hospitality and support of the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy).en
dc.description.sponsorshipINFN (Italy); NSF (U.S.A.); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany) [OB 168/2-1, WU742/4-1, ZU 123/18-1]; HGF (Germany); MPG (Germany); RFBR (Russia) [16-02-01026 A, 15-02-02117 A, 16-29-13014 ofim, 17-02-00305 A]; RSF (Russia) [17-02-01009]; NCN (Poland) [UMO 2013/10/E/ST2/00180]; Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/02/046en
dc.identifier.issn1475-7516en
dc.identifier.issue2en
dc.identifier.other46en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/93317en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unporteden
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/en
dc.subjectneutrino detectorsen
dc.subjectneutrino experimentsen
dc.subjectcosmic rays detectorsen
dc.titleModulations of the cosmic muon signal in ten years of Borexino dataen
dc.title.serialJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physicsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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