Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites

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dc.contributor.authorJoseph, Joshua Allen Jr.en
dc.contributor.committeechairWiddowson, Mark A.en
dc.contributor.committeememberLoganathan, G. V.en
dc.contributor.committeememberGallagher, Daniel L.en
dc.contributor.committeememberStephenson, Stephen Kurten
dc.contributor.committeememberCox, William E.en
dc.contributor.departmentCivil Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T20:14:33Zen
dc.date.adate2008-08-06en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T20:14:33Zen
dc.date.issued2008-04-24en
dc.date.rdate2008-08-06en
dc.date.sdate2008-07-30en
dc.description.abstractRemediation of contaminated groundwater remains a high-priority national goal in the United States. Water is essential to life, and new sources of water are needed for an expanding population. Groundwater remediation remains a significant technical challenge despite decades of research into this field. New approaches are needed to address the most severely-polluted aquifers, and cost-effective solutions are required to meet remediation objectives that protect human health and the environment. Source reduction combined with Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) is a remediation strategy whereby the source of contamination is aggressively treated or removed and the residual groundwater plume depletes due to natural processes in the subsurface. The USEPA requires long-term performance monitoring of groundwater at MNA sites over the remediation timeframe, which often takes decades to complete. Presently, computational tools are lacking to adequately integrate source remediation with economic models. Furthermore, no framework has been developed to highlight the tradeoff between the degree of remediation versus the level of benefit within a cost structure. Using the Natural Attenuation Software (NAS) package developed at Virginia Tech, a set of formulae have been developed for calculating the TOR for petroleum-contaminated aquifers (specifically tracking benzene and MTBE) through statistical techniques. With the knowledge of source area residual saturation, groundwater velocity, and contaminant plume source length, the time to remediate a site contaminated with either benzene or MTBE can be determined across a range of regulatory maximum contaminant levels. After developing formulae for TOR, an integrated and interactive decision tool for framing the decision analysis component of the remediation problem was developed. While MNA can be a stand-alone groundwater remediation technology, significant benefits may be realized by layering a more traditional source zone remedial technique with MNA. Excavation and soil vapor extraction when applied to the front end of a remedial action plan can decrease the amount of time to remediation and while generally more expensive than an MNA-only approach, may accrue long-term economic advantages that would otherwise be foregone. The value of these research components can be realized within the engineering and science communities, as well as through government, business and industry, and communities where groundwater contamination and remediation are of issue. Together, these tools constitute the Sâ ªEâ ªEâ ªPâ ªAGE paradigm, founded upon the concept of sound science for an environmental engineering, effectual economics, and public policy agenda. The TOR formulation simplifies the inputs necessary to determine the number of years that an MNA strategy will require before project closure and thus reduces the specialized skills and training required to perform a numerical analysis that for one set of conditions could require many hours of simulation time. The economic decision tool, that utilizes a life cycle model to evaluate a set of feasible alternatives, highlights the tradeoffs between time and economics can be realized over the lifetime of the remedial project.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.identifier.otheretd-07302008-235858en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07302008-235858/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/28458en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartJoshua_Joseph_Dissertation_2008.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectsoil vapor extraction (SVE)en
dc.subjectgroundwateren
dc.subjectlight non aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL)en
dc.subjecteconomicsen
dc.subjecttime of remediation (TOR)en
dc.subjectexcavationen
dc.subjectmonitored natural attenuation (MNA)en
dc.subjectpolicyen
dc.subjectremediationen
dc.titleComputational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sitesen
dc.typeDissertationen
thesis.degree.disciplineCivil Engineeringen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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