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Cover crops as a weed seed bank management tool: A soil down review

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dc.contributor.authorSias, Cynthiaen
dc.contributor.authorWolters, Bethanyen
dc.contributor.authorReiter, Mark S.en
dc.contributor.authorFlessner, Michael L.en
dc.contributor.editorLoddo, Donatoen
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-04T15:49:04Zen
dc.date.available2022-01-04T15:49:04Zen
dc.date.issued2021-10en
dc.date.updated2022-01-04T15:49:02Zen
dc.description.abstractThis review explores ways that cover crops alter soil environmental conditions that can be used to decrease seed survival, maintain weed seed dormancy, and reduce germination cues, thus reducing above ground weed pressures. Cover crops are grown between cash crops in rotation, and their residues persist into subsequent crops, impacting weed seeds both during and after cover crops’ growth. Compared to no cover crop, cover crops may reduce weed seedling recruitment and density via (i) reducing soil temperature and fluctuations thereof, (ii) reducing light availability and altering light quality, and (iii) trapping nitrogen in the cover crop thus making it less soil-available to weeds. Cover crops may provide habitat for above- and below-ground fauna, resulting in increased weed seed predation. The allelopathic nature of some cover crops can also suppress weeds. But not all effects of cover crops discourage weeds, such as potentially increasing soil oxygen. Furthermore, cover crops can reduce soil moisture while actively growing but conserve soil moisture after termination, resulting in time-dependent effects. Similarly, decaying legume cover crops can release nitrogen into the soil, potentially aiding weeds. The multiplicity of cover crop species and mixtures, differing responses between weed species, environmental conditions and other factors hampers uniform recommendations and complicates management for producers. But, cover crops that are managed to maximize biomass, do not increase soil nitrogen, and are terminated at or after cash crop planting will have the greatest potential to attenuate the weed seed bank. There are still many questions to be answered, such as if targeting management efforts at the weed seed bank level is agronomically worthwhile. Future research on cover crops and weed management should include measurements of soil seed banks, including dormancy status, predation levels, and germination.en
dc.description.versionAccepted versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier1852 (Article number)en
dc.identifier.orcidReiter, Mark [0000-0002-4891-0746]en
dc.identifier.orcidFlessner, Michael [0000-0002-2854-008X]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/107347en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.titleCover crops as a weed seed bank management tool: A soil down reviewen
dc.title.serialItalian Journal of Agronomyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-09-21en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/Eastern Shore ARECen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/CALS T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/School of Plant and Environmental Sciencesen

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