The effect of processing method of broiler litter on pasteurization, nitrogen loss and nitrogen utilization by sheep
| dc.contributor.author | Caswell, Larry Forrest | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Animal Science | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-05-23T14:57:44Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2016-05-23T14:57:44Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 1972 | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Various broiler litter processing methods were evaluated. Treatments effective for litter pasteurization were dry heating at a depth of 0.63 cm for 20 min; autoclaving for 10 min. or longer; dry heating following the addition of 1 to 4 g of paraformaldehyde (PFA) per 100 g of litter at depths of 0.63 and 2.54 cm; and ethylene oxide (ETO) fumigation for 30 min. or longer. Moisture and uric acid nitrogen were lowered (P < .01) for dry heat and the PFA processes. Autoclaving and PFA addition followed by dry heating lowered (P < .01) NPN. Ammonia nitrogen was reduced (P < .01) by all pasteurizing treatments except autoclaving for 10 min. A metabolism trial was conducted with sheep. Litter pasteurized by dry heating at a depth of 0.63 cm for 20 min., dry heating at a depth of 2.54 cm after the addition of 2 g of PFA per 100 g of litter or fumigation with ETO at a depth of 15.24 cm for 60 min. supplied 50% of the nitrogen in the respective rations. Processing method had no significant effect on nitrogen utilization and apparent digestion coefficients. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen was higher (P < .05) for the dry heat than for the ETO treatment. Acetic acid and total VFA's, expressed as ยต mole/ml were higher (P < .05) for the PFA than the dry heat treatment. Expressed as moles/100 moles, propionic was higher (P < .05) for the ETO than for the PFA treatment. | en |
| dc.description.degree | Master of Science | en |
| dc.format.extent | v, 92 leaves | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71076 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | en |
| dc.relation.isformatof | OCLC# 33892767 | en |
| dc.rights | In Copyright | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ | en |
| dc.subject.lcc | LD5655.V855 1972.C3884 | en |
| dc.title | The effect of processing method of broiler litter on pasteurization, nitrogen loss and nitrogen utilization by sheep | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Animal Science | en |
| thesis.degree.grantor | Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | en |
| thesis.degree.level | masters | en |
| thesis.degree.name | Master of Science | en |
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