Network analysis reveals multiscale controls on streamwater chemistry

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dc.contributor.authorMcGuire, Kevin J.en
dc.contributor.authorTorgersen, C. E.en
dc.contributor.authorLikens, Gene E.en
dc.contributor.authorBuso, D. C.en
dc.contributor.authorLowe, W. H.en
dc.contributor.authorBailey, Scott W.en
dc.contributor.departmentForest Resources and Environmental Conservationen
dc.contributor.departmentVirginia Water Resources Research Centeren
dc.date.accessioned2017-02-22T02:59:37Zen
dc.date.available2017-02-22T02:59:37Zen
dc.date.issued2014-05-13en
dc.description.abstractBy coupling synoptic data from a basin-wide assessment of streamwater chemistry with network-based geostatistical analysis, we show that spatial processes differentially affect biogeochemical condition and pattern across a headwater stream network. We analyzed a high-resolution dataset consisting of 664 water samples collected every 100 m throughout 32 tributaries in an entire fifth-order stream network. These samples were analyzed for an exhaustive suite of chemical constituents. The fine grain and broad extent of this study design allowed us to quantify spatial patterns over a range of scales by using empirical semivariograms that explicitly incorporated network topology. Here, we show that spatial structure, as determined by the characteristic shape of the semivariograms, differed both among chemical constituents and by spatial relationship (flow-connected, flowunconnected, or Euclidean). Spatial structure was apparent at either a single scale or at multiple nested scales, suggesting separate processes operating simultaneously within the stream network and surrounding terrestrial landscape. Expected patterns of spatial dependence for flow-connected relationships (e.g., increasing homogeneity with downstream distance) occurred for some chemical constituents (e.g., dissolved organic carbon, sulfate, and aluminum) but not for others (e.g., nitrate, sodium). By comparing semivariograms for the different chemical constituents and spatial relationships, we were able to separate effects on streamwater chemistry of (i ) fine-scale versus broad-scale processes and (ii ) in-stream processes versus landscape controls. These findings provide insight on the hierarchical scaling of local, longitudinal, and landscape processes that drive biogeochemical patterns in stream networks.en
dc.description.versionAccepted versionen
dc.format.extent7030 - 7035 (6) page(s)en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1404820111en
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424en
dc.identifier.issue19en
dc.identifier.orcidMcGuire, KJ [0000-0001-5751-3956]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/75113en
dc.identifier.volume111en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciencesen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000335798000067&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectbiogeochemistryen
dc.subjecthydrologic connectivityen
dc.subjectwatersheden
dc.subjectautocorrelationen
dc.subjectheterogeneityen
dc.subjectTERM ECOLOGICAL RESEARCHen
dc.subjectMOVING-AVERAGE APPROACHen
dc.subjectHUBBARD-BROOK-VALLEYen
dc.subjectLANDSCAPE ECOLOGYen
dc.subjectSPATIAL HETEROGENEITYen
dc.subjectHEADWATER STREAMSen
dc.subjectNITROGEN EXPORTen
dc.subjectPATTERNen
dc.subjectWATERen
dc.subjectTERRESTRIALen
dc.titleNetwork analysis reveals multiscale controls on streamwater chemistryen
dc.title.serialProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Americaen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environmenten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environment/CNRE T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Natural Resources & Environment/Water Resources Research Centeren

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