Structural Variation of the X Chromosome Heterochromatin in the Anopheles gambiae Complex
| dc.contributor.author | Sharma, Atashi | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Kinney, Nicholas A. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Timoshevskiy, Vladimir A. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Sharakhova, Maria V. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Sharakhov, Igor V. | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Entomology | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-03-27T18:47:10Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2020-03-27T18:47:10Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-03-19 | en |
| dc.date.updated | 2020-03-27T13:23:35Z | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Heterochromatin is identified as a potential factor driving diversification of species. To understand the magnitude of heterochromatin variation within the <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> complex of malaria mosquitoes, we analyzed metaphase chromosomes in <i>An. arabiensis</i>, <i>An. coluzzii</i>, <i>An. gambiae</i>, <i>An. merus</i>, and <i>An. quadriannulatus</i>. Using fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization (FISH) with ribosomal DNA (rDNA), a highly repetitive fraction of DNA, and heterochromatic Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones, we established the correspondence of pericentric heterochromatin between the metaphase and polytene X chromosomes of <i>An. gambiae</i>. We then developed chromosome idiograms and demonstrated that the X chromosomes exhibit qualitative differences in their pattern of heterochromatic bands and position of satellite DNA (satDNA) repeats among the sibling species with postzygotic isolation, <i>An. arabiensis</i>, <i>An. merus</i>, <i>An. quadriannulatus</i>, and <i>An. coluzzii</i> or <i>An. gambiae</i>. The identified differences in the size and structure of the X chromosome heterochromatin point to a possible role of repetitive DNA in speciation of mosquitoes. We found that <i>An. coluzzii</i> and <i>An. gambiae</i>, incipient species with prezygotic isolation, share variations in the relative positions of the satDNA repeats and the proximal heterochromatin band on the X chromosomes. This previously unknown genetic polymorphism in malaria mosquitoes may be caused by a differential amplification of DNA repeats or an inversion in the sex chromosome heterochromatin. | en |
| dc.description.version | Published version | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.citation | Sharma, A.; Kinney, N.A.; Timoshevskiy, V.A.; Sharakhova, M.V.; Sharakhov, I.V. Structural Variation of the X Chromosome Heterochromatin in the Anopheles gambiae Complex. Genes 2020, 11, 327. | en |
| dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11030327 | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97497 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | MDPI | en |
| dc.rights | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en |
| dc.subject | Anopheles | en |
| dc.subject | heterochromatin | en |
| dc.subject | mosquito | en |
| dc.subject | mitotic chromosome | en |
| dc.subject | sex chromosome | en |
| dc.subject | satellite DNA | en |
| dc.subject | X chromosome | en |
| dc.title | Structural Variation of the X Chromosome Heterochromatin in the Anopheles gambiae Complex | en |
| dc.title.serial | Genes | en |
| dc.type | Article - Refereed | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | StillImage | en |