dc.contributor.author	McClanan, Michelle Erin Garlic	en
dc.contributor.committeechair	Pfeiffer, Douglas G.	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Luckhart, Shirley	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Bergh, J. Christopher	en
dc.contributor.department	Entomology	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-14T21:35:25Z	en
dc.date.adate	2002-08-14	en
dc.date.available	2014-03-14T21:35:25Z	en
dc.date.issued	2002-04-18	en
dc.date.rdate	2003-08-14	en
dc.date.sdate	2002-05-03	en
dc.description.abstract	Plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), is an endemic pest of stone and pome crops of the eastern United States. Two morphologically identical strains of plum curculio have been described and documented in Virgina: a univoltine strain and a multivoltine strain. Because of the cryptic coloring and behaviours of the plum curculio adults, monitoring in orchards is difficult and often ineffective. RAPD-PCR assay was an effective method for separation of the geographical strains. Of the tested primers four, OPE 01, OPE 03, OPE 04, and OPE 07, gave 21 amplimers that are useful for distinguishing individuals from the univoltine and multivoltine populations. Gene targeted PCR revealed the presence of Wolbachia in both populations. Analysis of the wsp gene sequence showed the univoltine population of plum curculio is associated with a strain of Wolbachia in supergroup B, most closely related to a strain identified from Perithemis tenera (Say) (Odonata). The multivoltine populations of plum curculio are associated with strains of Wolbachia which are in supergroup A, and most closely related to Wolbachia strains associated with Dacus destillatoria, Bactrocera sp., and Callosobruchus chinensis Linn. Three different trap designs baited with grandisoic acid, plant volatiles, and a combination of pheromone and plant volatiles were tested. In 1999, significantly more plum curculios were captured with Tedders traps baited with grandisoic acid and unbaited control in traps baited with limonene, plum essence or ethyl isovalerate. In 2000, Circle traps baited with plum essence, sour cherry essence and grandisoic acid yielded no results. In 2001, branch mimic traps yielded no significant differences among three release rates of a blend of benzaldehyde, ethyl isovalerate, trans-2-hexenal, and limonene; although, there was a significant interaction between the pheromone and the host plant volatiles. Overall however, all three of the traps were not effective.	en
dc.description.degree	Master of Science	en
dc.identifier.other	etd-05032002-160302	en
dc.identifier.sourceurl	http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05032002-160302/	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42434	en
dc.publisher	Virginia Tech	en
dc.relation.haspart	02abstract.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	04Introduction.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	10Vita.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	03TOC.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	09summary.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	01title.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	08Olfactory.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	06RAPDS.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	07Wolbachia.pdf	en
dc.relation.haspart	05Litreview.pdf	en
dc.rights	In Copyright	en
dc.rights.uri	http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/	en
dc.subject	plum curculio	en
dc.subject	Wolbachia	en
dc.subject	RAPD-PCR	en
dc.subject	olfactory attractants	en
dc.subject	Conotrachelus nenuphar	en
dc.title	Biochemical Separation of Geographical Strains of Plum Curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Evaluation of Olfactory Attractants in Virginia Orchards	en
dc.type	Thesis	en
thesis.degree.discipline	Entomology	en
thesis.degree.grantor	Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University	en
thesis.degree.level	masters	en
thesis.degree.name	Master of Science	en

Biochemical Separation of Geographical Strains of Plum Curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Evaluation of Olfactory Attractants in Virginia Orchards

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