Prebiotic Inulin Supplementation and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in adults at Elevated Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

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dc.contributor.authorMitchell, Cassie M.en
dc.contributor.authorDavy, Brenda M.en
dc.contributor.authorPonder, Monica A.en
dc.contributor.authorMcMillan, Ryan P.en
dc.contributor.authorHughes, Michael D.en
dc.contributor.authorHulver, Matthew W.en
dc.contributor.authorNeilson, Andrew P.en
dc.contributor.authorDavy, Kevin P.en
dc.contributor.departmentHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
dc.contributor.departmentFood Science and Technologyen
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-27T12:26:42Zen
dc.date.available2021-09-27T12:26:42Zen
dc.date.issued2021-09-17en
dc.date.updated2021-09-25T23:33:11Zen
dc.description.abstractPrediabetes affects 84.1 million adults, and many will progress to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective of this proof-of-concept trial was to determine the efficacy of inulin supplementation to improve glucose metabolism and reduce T2D risk. Adults (<i>n</i> = 24; BMI: 31.3 ± 2.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; age: 54.4 ± 8.3 years) at risk for T2D were enrolled in this controlled feeding trial and consumed either inulin (10 g/day) or placebo (maltodextrin, 10 g/day) for six weeks. Assessments included peripheral insulin sensitivity, fasting glucose, and insulin, HOMA-IR, in vivo skeletal muscle substrate preference, <i>Bifidobacteria</i> copy number, intestinal permeability, and endotoxin concentrations. Participant retention was 92%. There were no baseline group differences except for fasting insulin (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The magnitude of reduction in fasting insulin concentrations with inulin (<i>p</i> = 0.003, inulin = Δ-2.9, placebo = Δ2.3) was attenuated after adjustment for baseline concentrations (<i>p =</i> 0.04). After adjusting for baseline values, reduction in HOMA-IR with inulin (inulin = Δ-0.40, placebo=Δ0.27; <i>p =</i> 0.004) remained significant. <i>Bifidobacteria</i> 16s increased (<i>p =</i> 0.04; inulin = Δ3.1e<sup>9</sup>, placebo = Δ-8.9e<sup>8</sup>) with inulin supplementation. Despite increases in gut <i>Bifidobacteria,</i> inulin supplementation did not improve peripheral insulin sensitivity. These findings question the need for larger investigations of inulin and insulin sensitivity in this population.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationMitchell, C.M.; Davy, B.M.; Ponder, M.A.; McMillan, R.P.; Hughes, M.D.; Hulver, M.W.; Neilson, A.P.; Davy, K.P. Prebiotic Inulin Supplementation and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in adults at Elevated Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3235.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093235en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/105073en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectdietary fiberen
dc.subjectprebioticsen
dc.subjectinulinen
dc.subjectdiabetesen
dc.subjectmetabolismen
dc.subjectgut microbiotaen
dc.titlePrebiotic Inulin Supplementation and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in adults at Elevated Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trialen
dc.title.serialNutrientsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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