Prebiotic Inulin Supplementation and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in adults at Elevated Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
| dc.contributor.author | Mitchell, Cassie M. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Davy, Brenda M. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Ponder, Monica A. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | McMillan, Ryan P. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Hughes, Michael D. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Hulver, Matthew W. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Neilson, Andrew P. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Davy, Kevin P. | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Food Science and Technology | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-09-27T12:26:42Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2021-09-27T12:26:42Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-09-17 | en |
| dc.date.updated | 2021-09-25T23:33:11Z | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Prediabetes affects 84.1 million adults, and many will progress to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective of this proof-of-concept trial was to determine the efficacy of inulin supplementation to improve glucose metabolism and reduce T2D risk. Adults (<i>n</i> = 24; BMI: 31.3 ± 2.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; age: 54.4 ± 8.3 years) at risk for T2D were enrolled in this controlled feeding trial and consumed either inulin (10 g/day) or placebo (maltodextrin, 10 g/day) for six weeks. Assessments included peripheral insulin sensitivity, fasting glucose, and insulin, HOMA-IR, in vivo skeletal muscle substrate preference, <i>Bifidobacteria</i> copy number, intestinal permeability, and endotoxin concentrations. Participant retention was 92%. There were no baseline group differences except for fasting insulin (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The magnitude of reduction in fasting insulin concentrations with inulin (<i>p</i> = 0.003, inulin = Δ-2.9, placebo = Δ2.3) was attenuated after adjustment for baseline concentrations (<i>p =</i> 0.04). After adjusting for baseline values, reduction in HOMA-IR with inulin (inulin = Δ-0.40, placebo=Δ0.27; <i>p =</i> 0.004) remained significant. <i>Bifidobacteria</i> 16s increased (<i>p =</i> 0.04; inulin = Δ3.1e<sup>9</sup>, placebo = Δ-8.9e<sup>8</sup>) with inulin supplementation. Despite increases in gut <i>Bifidobacteria,</i> inulin supplementation did not improve peripheral insulin sensitivity. These findings question the need for larger investigations of inulin and insulin sensitivity in this population. | en |
| dc.description.version | Published version | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.citation | Mitchell, C.M.; Davy, B.M.; Ponder, M.A.; McMillan, R.P.; Hughes, M.D.; Hulver, M.W.; Neilson, A.P.; Davy, K.P. Prebiotic Inulin Supplementation and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in adults at Elevated Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3235. | en |
| dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093235 | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/105073 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | MDPI | en |
| dc.rights | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en |
| dc.subject | dietary fiber | en |
| dc.subject | prebiotics | en |
| dc.subject | inulin | en |
| dc.subject | diabetes | en |
| dc.subject | metabolism | en |
| dc.subject | gut microbiota | en |
| dc.title | Prebiotic Inulin Supplementation and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in adults at Elevated Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial | en |
| dc.title.serial | Nutrients | en |
| dc.type | Article - Refereed | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |