Satiety induced by neuropeptide FF and gastrin in birds

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dc.contributor.authorLogan, Amanda Lynnen
dc.contributor.committeechairCline, Mark A.en
dc.contributor.committeememberDenbow, D. Michaelen
dc.contributor.committeememberGilbert, Elizabeth R.en
dc.contributor.committeememberLiu, Dongminen
dc.contributor.departmentAnimal and Poultry Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2018-06-27T08:02:19Zen
dc.date.available2018-06-27T08:02:19Zen
dc.date.issued2018-06-26en
dc.description.abstractMammalian and avian species differ in some appetite-related aspects including how and which neurotransmitters and hormones regulate appetite. The objective of this research was to determine how two satiety-inducing neuropeptides regulate feeding behavior in avian models. Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) was intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected into Japanese quail and decreased food intake at a dose of 32 nmol. NPFF-injected quail had increased expression levels of hypothalamic melanocortin subtype 3 receptor and decreased expression levels of neuropeptide Y receptor subtype 1 mRNAs compared to vehicle-injected controls. In a second study, gastrin was ICV injected into broiler chicks and decreased food intake at a dose of 500 ng (0.12 nmol). There was increased c-Fos immunoreactivity in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), arcuate nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and area postrema at 1 h post-injection. Although a variety of genes were measured in those activated nuclei, there were only differences in melanin-concentrating hormone mRNA in the LH and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA in the PVN, suggesting that CRF signaling was involved in the hypothalamic response to gastrin. However, co-injection of gastrin and astressin, a CRF receptor antagonist did not affect gastrin-induced suppression of food intake, implying that the CRF receptors may not be directly associated with gastrin-induced satiety. Identifying the molecular pathways that mediate the effects of anorexigenic neuropeptides in birds will lead to the development of novel treatment options for appetite-related diseases and increased understanding of factors that affect production efficiency in commercial poultry and survival/resource allocation in wild birds.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.format.mediumETDen
dc.identifier.othervt_gsexam:15111en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/83786en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjecthypothalamusen
dc.subjectappetiteen
dc.subjectquailen
dc.subjectbroiler chicken
dc.subjectNPFFen
dc.subjectgastrinen
dc.titleSatiety induced by neuropeptide FF and gastrin in birdsen
dc.typeThesisen
thesis.degree.disciplineAnimal and Poultry Sciencesen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

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