Seasonal ice nucleation activity of water samples from alpine rivers and lakes in Obergurgl, Austria

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dc.contributor.authorBaloh, Philippen
dc.contributor.authorHanlon, Reginaen
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Christopheren
dc.contributor.authorDolan, Eoinen
dc.contributor.authorPacholik, Gernoten
dc.contributor.authorStinglmayr, Daviden
dc.contributor.authorBurkart, Juliaen
dc.contributor.authorFelgitsch, Lauraen
dc.contributor.authorSchmale, David G. IIIen
dc.contributor.authorGrothe, Hinrichen
dc.coverage.cityObergurglen
dc.coverage.countryAustriaen
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-18T14:33:29Zen
dc.date.available2022-01-18T14:33:29Zen
dc.date.issued2021-07-30en
dc.date.updated2022-01-18T14:33:22Zen
dc.description.abstractHeterogeneous ice nucleation plays an important role in many environmental processes such as ice cloud formation, freezing of water bodies or biological freeze protection in the cryosphere. New information is needed about the seasonal availability, nature, and activity of ice nucleating particles (INPs) in alpine environments. These INPs trigger the phase transition from liquid water to solid ice at elevated subzero temperatures. We collected water samples from a series of alpine rivers and lakes (two valleys and their rivers, an artificial pond, and a natural lake system) in Obergurgl, Austria in June 2016, July 2016, November 2016, and May 2017. Each alpine river and lake was sampled multiple times across different seasons, depending on site access during different times of the year. Water samples were filtered through a 0.22 μm membrane filter to separate microbial INPs from the water, and both fractions were analyzed for ice nucleation activity (INA) by an emulsion freezing method. Microorganisms were cultured from the filters, and the cultures then analyzed for INA. Portions of the filtered samples were concentrated by lyophilization to observe potential enhancement of INA. Two sediment samples were taken as reference points for inorganic INPs. Sub-micron INPs were observed in all of the alpine water sources studied, and a seasonal shift to a higher fraction of microbial ice nucleators cultured on selective media was observed during the winter collections. Particles larger than 0.22 μm showed INA, and microbes were cultured from this fraction. Results from 60 samples gave evidence of a seasonal change in INA, presence of submicrometer INPs, and show the abundance of culturable microorganisms, with late spring and early summer showing the most active biological INPs. With additional future research on this topic ski resorts could make use of such knowledge of geographical and seasonal trends of microbial INPs in freshwater habitats in order to improve the production of artificial snow.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extent12 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifierARTN 149442 (Article number)en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149442en
dc.identifier.eissn1879-1026en
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697en
dc.identifier.orcidHanlon, Regina [0000-0003-1336-2601]en
dc.identifier.orcidSchmale, David [0000-0002-7003-7429]en
dc.identifier.otherS0048-9697(21)04516-2 (PII)en
dc.identifier.pmid34426361en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/107749en
dc.identifier.volume800en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000701609900002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciencesen
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciences & Ecologyen
dc.subjectIce nucleationen
dc.subjectAlpine habitatsen
dc.subjectFreshwateren
dc.subjectWater systemsen
dc.subjectClimateen
dc.subjectIce nucleating particlesen
dc.subjectSeasonalen
dc.subjectArtificial snow productionen
dc.subjectHETEROGENEOUS FREEZING NUCLEATIONen
dc.subjectPSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAEen
dc.subjectCOMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATIONen
dc.subjectANTIFREEZE PROTEINSen
dc.subjectSPRAY AEROSOLen
dc.subjectLIFE-HISTORYen
dc.subjectNUCLEIen
dc.subjectPARTICLESen
dc.subjectCLOUDSen
dc.subjectDUSTen
dc.subject.meshWateren
dc.subject.meshSeasonsen
dc.subject.meshRiversen
dc.subject.meshIceen
dc.subject.meshAustriaen
dc.subject.meshLakesen
dc.titleSeasonal ice nucleation activity of water samples from alpine rivers and lakes in Obergurgl, Austriaen
dc.title.serialScience of the Total Environmenten
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-07-30en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/CALS T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciences/Durelle Scotten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/School of Plant and Environmental Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/School of Plant and Environmental Sciences/Schmaleen

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