An in vitro evaluation of intravenous lipid emulsion on three common canine toxicants

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dc.contributor.authorJones, Emeryen
dc.contributor.authorWalton, Stuart A.en
dc.contributor.authorDavis, Jenniferen
dc.contributor.authorCouncil-Troche, McAlisteren
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-20T13:33:40Zen
dc.date.available2024-12-20T13:33:40Zen
dc.date.issued2024-09-25en
dc.description.abstractObjective: To determine whether intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy significantly reduces the concentration of baclofen, ibuprofen, and/or bromethalin in canine whole blood over time. Animals: Seven 500 mL bags of canine DEA 1.1 negative blood were divided into aliquots of 125 mL and randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (baclofen, ibuprofen, bromethalin) or four control groups (a positive control for each treatment group and a negative control group). Procedures: Injectable ibuprofen (200 mg/kg), baclofen (8 mg/kg), or bromethalin (3 mg/kg) was apportioned into 125 mL aliquots of canine whole blood and incubated for 30 min at 38.5°C. ILE (12.4 mL, Intralipid®) was added to each sample and the solution vortexed [215 rpm for 15 min at 37°C (98.6°F)]. Samples were obtained at designated time points (0, 15, 30, 60, 180, 360 min), centrifuged, and separated into serum and RBC fractions. Serum samples were ultracentrifuged (22,000 g for 10 min at 37°C) to separate lipid rich and poor fractions. Samples were stored at −80°C prior to analysis. Results: A significant decrease in total drug concentration was established for bromethalin and its metabolite desmethylbromethalin compared to positive controls. ILE significantly reduced desmethylbromethalin at the 30-and 360-min time points. The remainder of the desmethylbromethalin time points did not reach significance. Bromethalin concentration was significantly reduced at all time points compared to positive controls. Neither baclofen nor ibuprofen had significant changes in concentration. Conclusion: ILE therapy was effective at reducing the total drug concentration of bromethalin and its metabolite desmethylbromethalin supporting the lipid sink theory. As a single compartment in vitro study, this study does not evaluate other proposed mechanisms of action of ILE therapy. ILE therapy may have other means of significantly decreasing lipophilic drug concentration in cases of toxicosis.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extent9 page(s)en
dc.identifierARTN 1482871 (Article number)en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1482871en
dc.identifier.eissn2297-1769en
dc.identifier.issn2297-1769en
dc.identifier.orcidDavis, Jennifer [0000-0002-7930-4589]en
dc.identifier.otherPMC11461450en
dc.identifier.pmid39386250en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10919/123860en
dc.identifier.volume11en
dc.publisherFrontiersen
dc.relation.urihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39386250en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectintravenous lipid emulsionen
dc.subjectbaclofenen
dc.subjectbromethalinen
dc.subjectibuprofenen
dc.subjecttoxicosisen
dc.titleAn <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of intravenous lipid emulsion on three common canine toxicantsen
dc.title.serialFrontiers in Veterinary Scienceen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-09-10en
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Techen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Veterinary Medicineen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiologyen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-groupVirginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/CVM T&R Facultyen

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