Vaccine Effectiveness during Outbreak of COVID-19 Alpha (B.1.1.7) Variant in Men’s Correctional Facility, United States

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dc.contributor.authorSilverman, Rachel A.en
dc.contributor.authorCeci, Alessandroen
dc.contributor.authorCohen, Alasdairen
dc.contributor.authorHelmick, Meaganen
dc.contributor.authorShort, Ericaen
dc.contributor.authorBordwine, Paigeen
dc.contributor.authorFriedlander, Michael J.en
dc.contributor.authorFinkielstein, Carla V.en
dc.coverage.countryUnited Statesen
dc.coverage.stateVirginiaen
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-22T16:44:54Zen
dc.date.available2022-06-22T16:44:54Zen
dc.date.issued2022-07en
dc.date.updated2022-06-22T15:44:19Zen
dc.description.abstractIn April 2021, a COVID-19 outbreak occurred at a correctional facility in rural Virginia, USA. Eighty-four infections were identified among 854 incarcerated persons by facilitywide testing with reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). We used whole-genome sequencing to link all infections to 2 employees infected with the B.1.1.7α (UK) variant. The relative risk comparing unvaccinated to fully vaccinated persons (mRNA-1273 [Moderna, https:// www.moderna.com]) was 7.8 (95% CI 4.8–12.7), corresponding to a vaccine effectiveness of 87.1% (95% CI 79.0%–92.1%). Average qRT-PCR cycle threshold values were lower, suggesting higher viral loads, among unvaccinated infected than vaccinated cases for the N, E, and S genes. Vaccination was highly effective at preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in this high-risk setting. This approach can be applied to similar settings to estimate vaccine effectiveness as variants emerge to guide public health strategies during the ongoing pandemic.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extentPages 1313-1320en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3201/eid2807.220091en
dc.identifier.eissn1080-6059en
dc.identifier.issn1080-6040en
dc.identifier.issue7en
dc.identifier.orcidSilverman, Rachel [0000-0003-3082-9664]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/110891en
dc.identifier.volume28en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherCenters for Disease Control and Preventionen
dc.rightsPublic Domain (U.S.)en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/en
dc.titleVaccine Effectiveness during Outbreak of COVID-19 Alpha (B.1.1.7) Variant in Men’s Correctional Facility, United Statesen
dc.title.serialEmerging Infectious Diseasesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicineen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Population Health Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Faculty of Health Sciencesen

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Destination Area: Global Systems Science (GSS)
Scholarly Works, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
Scholarly Works, Population Health Sciences
Scholarly Works, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine (VTCSOM)