Immunogenicity of Potomac horse fever vaccine when simultaneously co-administered with rabies vaccine in a multivalent vaccine or as two monovalent vaccines at separate sites

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dc.contributor.authorMcKenzie, H. C.en
dc.contributor.authorFunk, Rebecca A.en
dc.contributor.authorTrager, L.en
dc.contributor.authorWerre, Stephen R.en
dc.contributor.authorCrisman, Mark V.en
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T12:57:16Zen
dc.date.available2021-10-08T12:57:16Zen
dc.date.issued2019-11-01en
dc.date.updated2021-10-08T12:57:14Zen
dc.description.abstractBackground: Potomac horse fever (PHF) is a potentially fatal enterocolitis of horses caused by Neorickettsia risticii. The disease was originally recognised almost 40 years ago in the state of Maryland in the US. It is now known to occur in many areas of North America, as well as having been described in South America and Europe. Monocomponent PHF vaccines are available, but clinical protection with vaccination has been reported to be inconsistent. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the immunogenicity of a commercially available Potomac Horse Fever (PHF) vaccine when administered as either a monovalent PHF vaccine simultaneously co-administered with a separate monovalent Rabies vaccine or as a multivalent PHF/Rabies vaccine in horses. Study design: Randomised parallel group trial. Methods: Ninety-one client or University owned horses participated in this open-label randomised study, with 45 horses receiving the monovalent vaccines at separate sites and 46 receiving the multivalent vaccine at a single site. Serum PHF IFA titres were determined twice prior to vaccination and at 1, 2 and 3 months after vaccination. Results: Both vaccination protocols exhibited poor immunogenicity, with only one-third of all the animals demonstrating seroconversion, defined as an increase in titre of greater than 400 over baseline, at any time point after vaccination. The monovalent PHF vaccine exhibited significantly greater immunogenicity in terms of the number of horses exhibiting seroconversion, as compared to the multivalent vaccine, at one (20 vs. 11, P = 0.03) and two (18 vs. 9, p = 0.02) months post vaccination. The monovalent PHF vaccine also exhibited significantly greater immunogenicity in terms of the median (interquartile range) IFA titres, as compared to the multivalent vaccine, at one (800 [200–1600] vs. 400 [200–800], P = 0.009) and 2 months (400 [200–1600] vs. 400 [100–800], P = 0.02) post vaccination. There was no significant difference between groups at 3 months in either seroconversion rate or median IFA titers. Main limitations: This study did not assess the actual protective effects of PHF vaccination but rather used the serologic response to vaccination as a surrogate biomarker of immunity. Conclusions: The multivalent PHF/Rabies vaccine exhibited lower immunogenicity as compared to the monovalent PHF vaccine co-administered with a separate Rabies vaccine.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extentPages 774-778en
dc.format.extent5 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13096en
dc.identifier.eissn2042-3306en
dc.identifier.issn0425-1644en
dc.identifier.issue6en
dc.identifier.orcidWerre, Stephen [0000-0003-1638-6705]en
dc.identifier.orcidMcKenzie, Harold [0000-0001-8230-2237]en
dc.identifier.orcidFunk, Rebecca [0000-0001-7204-318X]en
dc.identifier.pmid30859618en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/105208en
dc.identifier.volume51en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherWileyen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000488886800013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen
dc.subjectVeterinary Sciencesen
dc.subjectHorsesen
dc.subjectPotomac horse feveren
dc.subjectNeorickettsia risticiien
dc.subjectequine neorickettsiosisen
dc.subjectmultivalent vaccineen
dc.subjectmonovalent vaccineen
dc.subjectEhrlichiaen
dc.subjectStrainsen
dc.subjectNeorickettsiaen
dc.subjectInterferenceen
dc.subjectCombinationen
dc.subjectDiphtheriaen
dc.subjectDiagnosisen
dc.subjectAnaplasmaen
dc.subjectTetanusen
dc.subjectPoniesen
dc.subject06 Biological Sciencesen
dc.subject07 Agricultural Sciencesen
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen
dc.subject.meshHorsesen
dc.subject.meshNeorickettsia risticiien
dc.subject.meshAnaplasmataceae Infectionsen
dc.subject.meshRabiesen
dc.subject.meshHorse Diseasesen
dc.subject.meshRickettsial Vaccinesen
dc.subject.meshVaccines, Inactivateden
dc.subject.meshRabies Vaccinesen
dc.subject.meshAntibodies, Bacterialen
dc.subject.meshVaccinationen
dc.subject.meshFemaleen
dc.subject.meshMaleen
dc.subject.meshImmunogenicity, Vaccineen
dc.titleImmunogenicity of Potomac horse fever vaccine when simultaneously co-administered with rabies vaccine in a multivalent vaccine or as two monovalent vaccines at separate sitesen
dc.title.serialEquine Veterinary Journalen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
dcterms.dateAccepted2019-03-02en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicineen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Large Animal Clinical Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/Population Health Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Veterinary Medicine/CVM T&R Facultyen

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