Enhancing Bikeshare Systems with E-Bikes in Semi-Hilly Cities: Insights from Washington, D.C.

Abstract

This study investigates spatial and temporal usage patterns of e-bikes and regular bikes within the Capital Bikeshare system in Washington, D.C. Based on over 6 million bikeshare trips, the analysis highlights distinct usage patterns shaped by the city’s semi-hilly terrain and bikeshare station placement. Comparing e-bikes and regular bikes, two main distinctions emerge: (i) e-bikes are predominantly used for longer distances and in areas with greater elevation (2.27 km vs. 1.73 km; 1.38% vs. 1.12% average slopes), and (ii) e-bikes enable broader dispersion across the city by connecting more distant bikeshare stations and supporting extended mobility. This disparity underscores the adaptability of e-bikes to more challenging urban terrains and longer trip distances. The findings are useful for urban planners and practitioners aiming to optimize bikeshare systems and suggest that incorporating e-bikes can address mobility challenges related to topography and trip distance.