Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States

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dc.contributor.authorEkakoro, John E.en
dc.contributor.authorGuptill, Lynn F.en
dc.contributor.authorHendrix, G. Kenitraen
dc.contributor.authorDorsey, Laurenen
dc.contributor.authorRuple, Audreyen
dc.coverage.countryUnited Statesen
dc.coverage.stateIndianaen
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-12T16:26:56Zen
dc.date.available2023-04-12T16:26:56Zen
dc.date.issued2023-04-08en
dc.date.updated2023-04-12T13:24:26Zen
dc.description.abstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that threatens the health of humans and animals. The spread of resistance among species may occur through our shared environment. Prevention of AMR requires integrated monitoring systems, and these systems must account for the presence of AMR in the environment in order to be effective. The purpose of this study was to establish and pilot a set of procedures for utilizing freshwater mussels as a means of surveillance for microbes with AMR in Indiana waterways. One hundred and eighty freshwater mussels were sampled from three sites along the Wildcat Creek watershed in north-central Indiana. Specimens were evaluated for the presence of ESKAPE pathogens (<i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i> species), <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> species, and the isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance. A total of 24 bacterial isolates were obtained from tissue homogenates of freshwater mussels collected at a site directly downstream from Kokomo, Indiana. Of these, 17 were <i>Enterobacter</i> spp., five were <i>Escherichia coli</i>, one was <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and one was <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. All isolates were resistant to three or more antimicrobial drug classes. Further work is necessary to determine the source of the bacterial species found in the mussels.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationEkakoro, J.E.; Guptill, L.F.; Hendrix, G.K.; Dorsey, L.; Ruple, A. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 728.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12040728en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/114485en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectantimicrobial resistanceen
dc.subjectbacterial cultureen
dc.subjectantimicrobial susceptibility testingen
dc.subjectfreshwater musselsen
dc.titleAntimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United Statesen
dc.title.serialAntibioticsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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