Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal from Dairy Manure to Meet Nitrogen:Phosphorus Crop Nutrient Requirements

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorYanosek, Kristina Anneen
dc.contributor.committeechairWolfe, Mary Leighen
dc.contributor.committeecochairLove, Nancy G.en
dc.contributor.committeememberBosch, Darrell J.en
dc.contributor.committeememberKnowlton, Katharine F.en
dc.contributor.departmentBiological Systems Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T20:48:12Zen
dc.date.adate2002-11-27en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T20:48:12Zen
dc.date.issued2002-10-18en
dc.date.rdate2003-11-27en
dc.date.sdate2002-11-21en
dc.description.abstractOver the last two decades, livestock operations have become highly concentrated due to growing trends towards larger, more confined facilities and a decrease in cropland on smaller farms. This has led to greater amounts of excess manure nutrients on farms, increasing the potential for nutrient pollution of water bodies from runoff. The purpose of this study was to determine if enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is a viable alternative for managing excess manure nutrients on dairy farms. Assessment of EBPR involved the investigation of various aspects of wastewater treatment modeling and design and farm nutrient management. The fermentation potential (volatile fatty acid (VFA) production) of dairy manure was determined through laboratory analysis to be 15.3% of the total COD. Total VFA production was composed of 57, 23, and 20% acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, respectively. The EBPR component of the BioWin wastewater treatment model was evaluated through a sensitivity analysis. The parameters to which effluent phosphate (PO4) concentration was most sensitive were maximum specific growth rate, growth yield, aerobic PO4 uptake rate per unit poly-b-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) utilized, PHB yield from VFA, PO4 release per unit VFA uptake, and fraction of releasable PO4. An EBPR sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was designed for a dairy farm with 700 lactating cows and 325 ha of corn silage. An economic analysis of EBPR for dairy farms employing P-based manure applications was completed. The cost of hauling excess manure to nutrient deficient farms was the most significant expense in comparing costs of manure management with and without EBPR. For a herd of 700 lactating cows, utilizing EBPR was more economical for farms with 270 ha or less cropland, while EBPR did not offer an economic advantage for farms over 270 ha.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.identifier.otheretd-11212002-141750en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11212002-141750/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/35782en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartKYanosekThesis.pdfen
dc.relation.haspartKYanosekAbstract.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectNutrient managementen
dc.subjectEconomic feasibilityen
dc.subjectModelingen
dc.subjectFermentation potentialen
dc.subjectEnhanced biological phosphorus removalen
dc.subjectDairy manure wastewateren
dc.titleEnhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal from Dairy Manure to Meet Nitrogen:Phosphorus Crop Nutrient Requirementsen
dc.typeThesisen
thesis.degree.disciplineBiological Systems Engineeringen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

Files

Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
KYanosekThesis.pdf
Size:
9.84 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
Thumbnail Image
Name:
KYanosekAbstract.pdf
Size:
75.89 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download

Collections

Masters Theses