Enhancing Seafood Quality and Safety by Reducing Reliance on Antibiotics: Applying a Novel Antibody in Tilapia
dc.contributor.author | Garry, Jordan Nicole | en |
dc.contributor.committeechair | Kuhn, David D. | en |
dc.contributor.committeemember | Schwarz, Michael H. | en |
dc.contributor.committeemember | Eifert, Joseph D. | en |
dc.contributor.committeemember | Smith, Stephen A. | en |
dc.contributor.department | Food Science and Technology | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-06-15T08:00:38Z | en |
dc.date.available | 2018-06-15T08:00:38Z | en |
dc.date.issued | 2018-06-14 | en |
dc.description.abstract | Disease outbreaks have overwhelmed the aquaculture industry as a whole and have been catastrophic for many single operations. To minimize disease outbreaks, efforts are underway to enhance animal health and disease resistance to pathogens without the use of antibiotics. The overall purpose of this study was to explore a potential prophylactic, a novel antibody diet, for the bacterial pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila, in tilapia. The tilapia were on an anti-interleukin-10 antibody diet as a neutralization of interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine. The anti-inflammatory function of IL-10 has been shown to allow persistence of gastrointestinal pathogens. Tilapia were fed the novel diet and were challenged via bath immersion or oral gavage with A. hydrophila. Four trials of challenge studies were conducted. Clinical signs of the disease and survival were monitored post-challenge of the bacteria. Out of the 4 trials, one bath immersion trial showed significantly lower survival in the group fed the novel antibody diet (p=0.044) compared to the control fed group, after challenged with A. hydrophila. The other trials tested showed no significant differences in survival between diets. Among the survival percentages collected as a whole, it cannot be determined from in vivo results whether this anti-IL-10 diet is effective in preventing mortality from A. hydrophila in tilapia. Therefore, an in vitro study using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the neutralization capability of anti-IL-10 on IL-10 using tilapia splenocytes. Interferon-γ, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was quantified in order to find a trend in expression of IL-10 in vitro in various tilapia cell treatments. The protocol for the ELISA study is under development being that the use of this antibody is novel and has never before been done in fish. | en |
dc.description.abstractgeneral | Aquaculture is the fastest growing animal-production sector for food in the world. Health and safety issues are prevalent among aquatic animals during massive growth and production. Disease outbreaks within aquaculture facilities can cause losses worth billions of dollars. Antibiotics are currently in use in aquaculture as a therapeutant for treating disease. However, over time the use of antibiotics has brought up a new set of issues; antibiotic resistant bacteria/genes and transfer of these to the environment and to humans via consumption. A novel antibody feed, containing an antibody to interleukin-10, with potential as a preventative disease measure was used to study disease development after exposure with a bacterial pathogen. Thus, tilapia were exposed to the bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila, and signs of disease and survival were monitored to see if the novel antibody feed would prevent disease onset. Further research is necessary on the antibody before confirming effectiveness on disease prevention. | en |
dc.description.degree | Master of Science in Life Sciences | en |
dc.format.medium | ETD | en |
dc.identifier.other | vt_gsexam:15880 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83557 | en |
dc.publisher | Virginia Tech | en |
dc.rights | In Copyright | en |
dc.rights.uri | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ | en |
dc.subject | Aeromonas hydrophila | en |
dc.subject | tilapia | en |
dc.subject | bath immersion | en |
dc.subject | oral gavage | en |
dc.subject | antibody | en |
dc.title | Enhancing Seafood Quality and Safety by Reducing Reliance on Antibiotics: Applying a Novel Antibody in Tilapia | en |
dc.type | Thesis | en |
thesis.degree.discipline | Food Science and Technology | en |
thesis.degree.grantor | Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | en |
thesis.degree.level | masters | en |
thesis.degree.name | Master of Science in Life Sciences | en |
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