Longitudinal Associations among Adolescent Socioeconomic Status, Delay Discounting, and Substance Use

Peviani, Kristin M.

Longitudinal Associations among Adolescent Socioeconomic Status, Delay Discounting, and Substance Use

dc.contributor.author	Peviani, Kristin M.	en
dc.contributor.committeechair	Kim-Spoon, Jungmeen	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Bickel, Warren K.	en
dc.contributor.committeemember	Casas, Brooks	en
dc.contributor.department	Psychology	en
dc.date.accessioned	2018-03-05T21:00:47Z	en
dc.date.available	2018-03-05T21:00:47Z	en
dc.date.issued	2018-02-01	en
dc.description.abstract	Adolescence is a period of heightened risk for substance use and heightened vulnerability to substance exposure. Yet, little is known about how socioeconomic status (SES) influences adolescent decision making and behavior across development to add to these risks. This prospective longitudinal study used latent growth curve modeling (GCM) to examine the contributions of SES on adolescent delay discounting and substance use in a sample of 167 adolescents (52% male). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to compute SES factor scores across three waves using a composite of parent and spouse education years and combined annual household income. Adolescent delay discounting and substance use were measured annually across three waves. The main goal of this study is to examine how SES may explain individual differences in growth trajectories of delay discounting and substance use. We used parallel process growth curve modeling with SES as a time-varying and time-invariant covariate to examine the associations between adolescent SES, delay discounting, and substance use onset as well as frequency. These results reveal that delay discounting exhibits a declining linear trend across adolescent development whereas cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, and polysubstance use exhibit increasing linear trends across adolescent development. Furthermore, low SES (as a time-invariant covariate) may lead to earlier onset adolescent alcohol and polysubstance use by way of heightened levels of delay discounting. These findings suggest that delay discounting interventions may be a promising avenue for reducing socioeconomic disparities in early onset alcohol and polysubstance use, while delay discounting development is still underway.	en
dc.description.abstractgeneral	Adolescence is a period of heightened risk for substance use and heightened vulnerability to the effects of substances. Yet, little is known about how socioeconomic status (SES) influences adolescent decision making and behavior to add to these risks. This study used latent growth curve modeling (GCM) to examine the role of SES on adolescent decision making and substance use in a sample of 167 adolescents (52% male). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to compute SES factor scores across three time points using an average of parent and spouse education years and income. Adolescent delay discounting and substance use were measured annually across three time points. The main goal of this study is to examine how SES may explain individual differences in delay discounting and substance use across adolescence. We used parallel process growth curve modeling with SES as a time-varying and time-invariant covariate to examine the links between adolescent SES, delay discounting, and substance use age of onset and frequency. These results reveal that delay discounting shows linear decreases in growth across adolescence whereas cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, and polysubstance use show increasing linear growth across adolescence. Additionally, low SES may lead to earlier onset adolescent alcohol and polysubstance use by way of heightened levels of delay discounting. These findings suggest that delay discounting interventions may help reduce socioeconomic differences in early onset alcohol and polysubstance use, while delay discounting development is still in progress.	en
dc.description.degree	Master of Science	en
dc.format.medium	ETD	en
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82446	en
dc.language.iso	en	en
dc.publisher	Virginia Tech	en
dc.rights	In Copyright	en
dc.rights.uri	http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/	en
dc.subject	socioeconomic status	en
dc.subject	substance use	en
dc.subject	delay discounting	en
dc.subject	adolescence	en
dc.subject	growth curve modeling	en
dc.title	Longitudinal Associations among Adolescent Socioeconomic Status, Delay Discounting, and Substance Use	en
dc.type	Thesis	en
dc.type.dcmitype	Text	en
thesis.degree.discipline	Developmental Science	en
thesis.degree.grantor	Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University	en
thesis.degree.level	masters	en
thesis.degree.name	Master of Science	en