Heat Stress Reduces Metabolic Rate While Increasing Respiratory Exchange Ratio in Growing Pigs

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dc.contributor.authorFausnacht, Dane W.en
dc.contributor.authorKroscher, Kellie A.en
dc.contributor.authorMcMillan, Ryan P.en
dc.contributor.authorMartello, Luciane S.en
dc.contributor.authorBaumgard, Lance H.en
dc.contributor.authorSelsby, Joshua T.en
dc.contributor.authorHulver, Matthew W.en
dc.contributor.authorRhoads, Robert P.en
dc.contributor.departmentAnimal and Poultry Sciencesen
dc.contributor.departmentHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-22T18:05:14Zen
dc.date.available2021-01-22T18:05:14Zen
dc.date.issued2021-01-17en
dc.date.updated2021-01-22T15:47:30Zen
dc.description.abstractHeat stress (HS) diminishes animal production, reducing muscle growth and increasing adiposity, especially in swine. Excess heat creates a metabolic phenotype with limited lipid oxidation that relies on aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis as a predominant means of energy production, potentially reducing metabolic rate. To evaluate the effects of HS on substrate utilization and energy expenditure, crossbred barrows (15.2 &plusmn; 2.4 kg) were acclimatized for 5 days (22 &deg;C), then treated with 5 days of TN (thermal neutral, 22 &deg;C, <i>n</i> = 8) or HS (35 &deg;C, <i>n</i> = 8). Pigs were fed ad libitum and monitored for respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature. Daily energy expenditure (DEE) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER, CO2:O2) were evaluated fasted in an enclosed chamber through indirect calorimetry. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the longissimus dorsi pre/post. HS increased temperature (39.2 &plusmn; 0.1 vs. 39.6 &plusmn; 0.1 &deg;C, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and RER (0.91 &plusmn; 0.02 vs. 1.02 &plusmn; 0.02 VCO2:VO2, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), but decreased DEE/BW (68.8 &plusmn; 1.7 vs. 49.7 &plusmn; 4.8 kcal/day/kg, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) relative to TN. Weight gain (<i>p</i> = 0.80) and feed intake (<i>p</i> = 0.84) did not differ between HS and TN groups. HS decreased muscle metabolic flexibility (~33%, <i>p</i> = 0.01), but increased leucine oxidation (~35%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) compared to baseline values. These data demonstrate that HS disrupts substrate regulation and energy expenditure in growing pigs.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationFausnacht, D.W.; Kroscher, K.A.; McMillan, R.P.; Martello, L.S.; Baumgard, L.H.; Selsby, J.T.; Hulver, M.W.; Rhoads, R.P. Heat Stress Reduces Metabolic Rate While Increasing Respiratory Exchange Ratio in Growing Pigs. Animals 2021, 11, 215.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010215en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/102016en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectheat stressen
dc.subjectlipid oxidationen
dc.subjectenergy expenditureen
dc.subjectrespiratory exchange ratioen
dc.titleHeat Stress Reduces Metabolic Rate While Increasing Respiratory Exchange Ratio in Growing Pigsen
dc.title.serialAnimalsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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Journal Articles, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Scholarly Works, Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
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