Characterization of Type IV Pilus System Genes and Their Regulation in Clostridium perfringens

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dc.contributor.authorMurray, Samantha Roseen
dc.contributor.committeechairMelville, Stephen B.en
dc.contributor.committeememberCaswell, Clayton C.en
dc.contributor.committeememberStevens, Ann M.en
dc.contributor.departmentBiological Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2018-11-29T07:00:58Zen
dc.date.available2018-11-29T07:00:58Zen
dc.date.issued2017-06-06en
dc.description.abstractClostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive (Gr+) anaerobic pathogen that was found to contain Type IV pilus (T4P) system genes within the genomes of all its sequenced strains. T4P are widely used in Gram-negative organisms for aggregation, biofilm formation, adherence, and DNA uptake. Because few examples of T4P-utilizing Gram-positive bacteria are studied to date, we wanted to characterize the T4P system in this Gr+ bacterium. To understand the regulation of T4P genes and therefore better understand their expression, we employed the highly powerful next-generation sequencing tool RNA-seq in a variety of conditions. RNA-seq uncovered previously unknown regulatory mechanisms surrounding T4P genes as well as provided transcriptional information for most of the genes in the C. perfringens strain 13 genome. We also utilized reporter gene assays to look at post-transcriptional regulation of T4P promoters. The wealth of RNA-seq data acted as a jumping-off point for many smaller projects involving transcriptional regulators that may influence T4P expression. We investigated a novel small RNA in close proximity to the major T4P operon, as well as two little-characterized transcriptional regulators that function in the same conditions as T4P genes. RNA-seq also provided data to develop a method for protein purification from C. perfringens without induction.en
dc.description.abstractgeneralClostridium perfringens is a ubiquitous bacterium that causes many diseases that negatively impact the public, including gas gangrene and food poisoning. This bacterium is able to infect through its ability to adhere to muscle or intestinal cells, and its infection results in breakdown of muscle tissue or severe diarrhea. In order to investigate how this bacterium senses its environment and consequently infects human beings, we looked at which genes the bacteria used in different environments, particularly on solid surfaces and in liquids. We also looked at a profile of different nutrients in order to determine which conditions cause the bacterium to use genes that start the infection process. This study impacts the literature on Clostridium perfringens by highlighting what physical cues signal this bacterium to start infecting, in hopes of disrupting this process and provide relief from C. perfringens infections in the medical community in the future.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.format.mediumETDen
dc.identifier.othervt_gsexam:10605en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/86173en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectClostridium perfringensen
dc.subjectType IV Pilien
dc.subjectgene regulationen
dc.subjectRNA sequencingen
dc.titleCharacterization of Type IV Pilus System Genes and Their Regulation in Clostridium perfringensen
dc.typeThesisen
thesis.degree.disciplineBiological Sciencesen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

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