Heat transfer coefficients between condensing organic vapors and a vertical copper tube
| dc.contributor.author | Morrison, Robert Hall | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Chemical Engineering | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-12-02T18:09:59Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2024-12-02T18:09:59Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 1939 | en |
| dc.description.abstract | The condensation characteristics of steam, an organic ester series and an organic alcohol series were investigated. The esters investigated were methyl, ethyl, and n-butyl acetates. Methyl, ethyl and n-butyl alcohols were studied in the alcohol series. Vapors were condensed on the outside of a three foot copper tube placed in a vertical position. Water velocities through the tube were varied from 0.18 to 1.38 feet per second. Mass velocities of from 4 to 50 pounds per hour of' vapor were condensed on the tube. The copper tube employed was of 18-gauge metal and 7/8-inch in outside diameter. On the surface of this tube were imbedded six constantan wires at equal intervals to form copper-constantan couples for measuring the tube wall temperatures. Other temperatures throughout the system were measured by a series of electrical resistance thermometers so that a complete heat balance could be run on the system. The copper tube on which condensation took place was placed inside a standard four inch Pyrex glass pipe, and vapors were fed into the annular space between glass pipe and copper tube from. a simple still heated by a submerged steam coil. Cooling water was supplied to the condensing tube countercurrent to the flow of the vapor. It was fed from a constant-level tank and its rate was controlled by a gate valve. The rate vms determined by straight sampling of the effluent water. The vapor rate was determined by catching the condensate in a tared pail. Film coefficients for the condensing vapors are calculated for the theoretical or Nusselt values, and for the actual values obtained by solving the additive resistances in the system with the water film coefficient being calculated by a modification of the Dittus-Boelter equation. The film coefficients are plotted against the temperature drop across the vapor film, this drop being calculated from the average tube wall temperature as calculated from the readings of the six copper-constantan thermocouples. Film coefficients for all the materials investigated are also plotted on one sheet to show the variation in film coefficients between the materials for a given temperature drop across the film. The data presented is in a form such that it can be easily used for other calculations or mathematical attacks on heat transfer. | en |
| dc.description.degree | M.S. | en |
| dc.format.extent | 83 leaves | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10919/123709 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute | en |
| dc.relation.isformatof | OCLC# 07587375 | en |
| dc.rights | In Copyright | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ | en |
| dc.subject.lcc | LD5655.V855 1939.M669 | en |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Alcohols | en |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Esters | en |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Heat -- Transmission | en |
| dc.title | Heat transfer coefficients between condensing organic vapors and a vertical copper tube | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Chemical Engineering | en |
| thesis.degree.grantor | Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute | en |
| thesis.degree.level | masters | en |
| thesis.degree.name | M.S. | en |
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