Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Concentrations of Flunixin Meglumine and Meloxicam in Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)

dc.contributor.authorMartin, Miriamen
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Stephen A.en
dc.contributor.authorKleinhenz, Michaelen
dc.contributor.authorMagnin, Geraldineen
dc.contributor.authorLin, Zhoumengen
dc.contributor.authorKuhn, Daviden
dc.contributor.authorMontgomery, Shawneeen
dc.contributor.authorCoetzee, Johannen
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-29T13:27:04Zen
dc.date.available2021-11-29T13:27:04Zen
dc.date.issued2021-11-25en
dc.date.updated2021-11-25T16:00:30Zen
dc.description.abstractEvidence of pain perception in fish is well established, but analgesic use in aquaculture is limited. The objective was to investigate the comparative pharmacokinetics of flunixin administered intramuscularly (IM) and meloxicam administered IM or orally (PO) in tilapia. Two hundred and seventy fish were assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: flunixin meglumine IM (2.2 mg/kg); meloxicam IM (1 mg/kg); or meloxicam PO (1 mg/kg). Blood and tissue samples were collected from 6 fish per treatment at 14 time points for 10 days. Drug concentrations were determined using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy. Plasma concentration versus time data were analyzed with a non-compartmental approach using a commercially available software. Flunixin reached a mean maximum concentration (C<sub>max</sub>) of 4826.7 ng/mL at 0.5 h, had a terminal half-life (T<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>) of 7.34 h, and an area under the concentration&ndash;time curve extrapolated to infinity (AUC<sub>INF_obs</sub>) of 25,261.62 h&middot;ng/mL. Meloxicam IM had a T<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub> of 9.4 h after reaching a C<sub>max</sub> of 11.3 ng/mL at 2 h, with an AUC<sub>INF_obs</sub> of 150.31 h&middot;ng/mL. Meloxicam PO had a T<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub> of 1.9 h after reaching a C<sub>max</sub> of 72.2 ng/mL at 2 h, with an AUC<sub>INF_obs</sub> of 400.83 h&middot;ng/mL. Tissue concentrations of both drugs were undetectable by 9 h. Flunixin reached a sufficient plasma concentration to potentially have an analgesic effect, while meloxicam, when administered at the given dosage, likely would not.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationMartin, M.; Smith, S.; Kleinhenz, M.; Magnin, G.; Lin, Z.; Kuhn, D.; Montgomery, S.; Coetzee, J. Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Concentrations of Flunixin Meglumine and Meloxicam in Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). Fishes 2021, 6, 68.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040068en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/106768en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectpharmacokineticsen
dc.subjectpainen
dc.subjectfishen
dc.subjectanalgesiaen
dc.titleComparative Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Concentrations of Flunixin Meglumine and Meloxicam in Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)en
dc.title.serialFishesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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